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Volume 23
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10.3390/ijms23031853
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Review

Nanomedicine Strategies for Management of Drug Resistance in Lung Cancer

by
Mohamed Haider
1,*,
Amr Elsherbeny
2,
Valeria Pittalà
3,
Valeria Consoli
3,
Maha Ali Alghamdi
4,5,
Zahid Hussain
1,
Ghalia Khoder
1 and
Khaled Greish
5
1
Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
2
Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
3
Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
4
Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
5
Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(3), 1853; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031853
Submission received: 4 January 2022 / Revised: 1 February 2022 / Accepted: 1 February 2022 / Published: 6 February 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-Strategies: The Future Medicine for Fighting Cancer Progression and Drug Resistance 2.0)
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Abstract

Lung cancer (LC) is one of the leading causes of cancer occurrence and mortality worldwide. Treatment of patients with advanced and metastatic LC presents a significant challenge, as malignant cells use different mechanisms to resist chemotherapy. Drug resistance (DR) is a complex process that occurs due to a variety of genetic and acquired factors. Identifying the mechanisms underlying DR in LC patients and possible therapeutic alternatives for more efficient therapy is a central goal of LC research. Advances in nanotechnology resulted in the development of targeted and multifunctional nanoscale drug constructs. The possible modulation of the components of nanomedicine, their surface functionalization, and the encapsulation of various active therapeutics provide promising tools to bypass crucial biological barriers. These attributes enhance the delivery of multiple therapeutic agents directly to the tumor microenvironment (TME), resulting in reversal of LC resistance to anticancer treatment. This review provides a broad framework for understanding the different molecular mechanisms of DR in lung cancer, presents novel nanomedicine therapeutics aimed at improving the efficacy of treatment of various forms of resistant LC; outlines current challenges in using nanotechnology for reversing DR; and discusses the future directions for the clinical application of nanomedicine in the management of LC resistance.
Keywords: nanomedicine; drug resistance; lung cancer; chemotherapeutic agents; drug delivery nanomedicine; drug resistance; lung cancer; chemotherapeutic agents; drug delivery
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MDPI and ACS Style

Haider, M.; Elsherbeny, A.; Pittalà, V.; Consoli, V.; Alghamdi, M.A.; Hussain, Z.; Khoder, G.; Greish, K. Nanomedicine Strategies for Management of Drug Resistance in Lung Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 1853. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031853

AMA Style

Haider M, Elsherbeny A, Pittalà V, Consoli V, Alghamdi MA, Hussain Z, Khoder G, Greish K. Nanomedicine Strategies for Management of Drug Resistance in Lung Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(3):1853. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031853

Chicago/Turabian Style

Haider, Mohamed, Amr Elsherbeny, Valeria Pittalà, Valeria Consoli, Maha Ali Alghamdi, Zahid Hussain, Ghalia Khoder, and Khaled Greish. 2022. "Nanomedicine Strategies for Management of Drug Resistance in Lung Cancer" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 3: 1853. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031853

APA Style

Haider, M., Elsherbeny, A., Pittalà, V., Consoli, V., Alghamdi, M. A., Hussain, Z., Khoder, G., & Greish, K. (2022). Nanomedicine Strategies for Management of Drug Resistance in Lung Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(3), 1853. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031853

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