Next Article in Journal
High Iron and Iron Household Protein Contents in Perineuronal Net-Ensheathed Neurons Ensure Energy Metabolism with Safe Iron Handling
Next Article in Special Issue
Chronic Fibrosis and Its Progression to Cancer
Previous Article in Journal
MiR-29a Curbs Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence via Targeting of HIF-1α and ANGPT2
Previous Article in Special Issue
Molecular Mechanisms and Cellular Contribution from Lung Fibrosis to Lung Cancer Development
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
IJMS
Volume 23
Issue 3
10.3390/ijms23031637
ijms-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Review

Molecular Mechanisms of Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis by Different Betel Quid Constituents—Does Fibroblast Senescence Play a Role?

by
Pangzhen Zhang
1,
Nathaniel Quan En Chua
2,
Simon Dang
2,
Ashleigh Davis
2,
Kah Wee Chong
2,
Stephen S. Prime
3 and
Nicola Cirillo
2,*
1
School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
2
Melbourne Dental School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
3
Centre for Immunology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(3), 1637; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031637
Submission received: 28 December 2021 / Revised: 24 January 2022 / Accepted: 25 January 2022 / Published: 31 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Links between Fibrogenesis and Cancer: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Challenges 2.0)
Browse Figure
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Betel quid (BQ) is a package of mixed constituents that is chewed by more than 600 million people worldwide, particularly in Asia. The formulation of BQ depends on a variety of factors but typically includes areca nut, betel leaf, and slaked lime and may or may not contain tobacco. BQ chewing is strongly associated with the development of potentially malignant and malignant diseases of the mouth such as oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), respectively. We have shown recently that the constituents of BQ vary geographically and that the capacity to induce disease reflects the distinct chemical composition of the BQ. In this review, we examined the diverse chemical constituents of BQ and their putative role in oral carcinogenesis. Four major areca alkaloids—arecoline, arecaidine, guvacoline and guvacine—together with the polyphenols, were identified as being potentially involved in oral carcinogenesis. Further, we propose that fibroblast senescence, which is induced by certain BQ components, may be a key driver of tumour progression in OSMF and OSCC. Our study emphasizes that the characterization of the detrimental or protective effects of specific BQ ingredients may facilitate the development of targeted BQ formulations to prevent and/or treat potentially malignant oral disorders and oral cancer in BQ users.
Keywords: betel quid; areca nut; arecoline; fibroblast senescence; oral carcinogenesis; oral submucous fibrosis; carcinogenic potential betel quid; areca nut; arecoline; fibroblast senescence; oral carcinogenesis; oral submucous fibrosis; carcinogenic potential

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Zhang, P.; Chua, N.Q.E.; Dang, S.; Davis, A.; Chong, K.W.; Prime, S.S.; Cirillo, N. Molecular Mechanisms of Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis by Different Betel Quid Constituents—Does Fibroblast Senescence Play a Role? Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 1637. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031637

AMA Style

Zhang P, Chua NQE, Dang S, Davis A, Chong KW, Prime SS, Cirillo N. Molecular Mechanisms of Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis by Different Betel Quid Constituents—Does Fibroblast Senescence Play a Role? International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(3):1637. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031637

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhang, Pangzhen, Nathaniel Quan En Chua, Simon Dang, Ashleigh Davis, Kah Wee Chong, Stephen S. Prime, and Nicola Cirillo. 2022. "Molecular Mechanisms of Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis by Different Betel Quid Constituents—Does Fibroblast Senescence Play a Role?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 3: 1637. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031637

APA Style

Zhang, P., Chua, N. Q. E., Dang, S., Davis, A., Chong, K. W., Prime, S. S., & Cirillo, N. (2022). Molecular Mechanisms of Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis by Different Betel Quid Constituents—Does Fibroblast Senescence Play a Role? International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(3), 1637. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031637

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop