Therapeutic Effects of Acer palmatum Thumb. Leaf Extract (KIOM-2015E) on Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Dry Eye in a Mouse Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. KIOM-2015E Ameliorates Corneal Dysfunction in a BAC-Induced Dry Eye Mouse Model
2.2. KIOM-2015E Application Reduces Inflammatory Cytokine Expression on the Ocular Surface in a BAC-Induced Dry Eye Mouse Model
2.3. KIOM-2015E Application Reduces Damage to the Cornea on the Ocular Surface in a BAC-Induced Dry Eye Mouse Model
2.4. Histological Analysis of the Ocular Surface Following Treatment with Topical Eye Drops or Oral Administration of KIOM-2015E
2.5. KIOM-2015E Suppresses BAC-Induced NF-κB Activation through p65 Nuclear Translocation Blockage in a Dry Eye Mouse Model
2.6. HPLC Analysis of the Marker Constituents in KIOM-2015E Extracts
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials
4.2. Animals and Procedures
4.3. Lissamine Green B Staining and Quantification
4.4. Paraffin Embedding and Histological Examination
4.5. Measurement of Tear Volume
4.6. PAS Staining
4.7. TUNEL Assay
4.8. Immunofluorescence Staining
4.9. RNA Isolation and Real-Time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis
4.10. Preparation of Cellular Protein Extraction and Western Blot Analysis
4.11. Preparation of Standard Compound Solutions and Samples for HPLC Analysis
4.12. Chromatographic Conditions
4.13. Statistical analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene Name | NCBI Accession No. | Primer Sequences | |
---|---|---|---|
TNF-α | M13049.1 | F | 5′-GGTTCTGTCCCTTTCACTCA-3′ |
R | 5′-CCTCTTCTGCCAGTTCCA-3′ | ||
IL-1β | M15131.1 | F | 5′-CCTCACAAGCAGAGCACAA-3′ |
R | 5′-AGAAACAGTCCAGCCCATAC-3′ | ||
IL-6 | DQ788722.1 | F | 5′-CTCTGGGAAATCGTGGAAAT-3′ |
R | 5′-CCAGTTTGGTAGCATCCATC-3′ | ||
GAPDH | GU214026.1 | F | 5′-CTGCTCCTCCCTGTTCCA-3′ |
R | 5′-CACACCGACCTTCACCAT-3′ |
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Yim, N.-H.; Park, E.; Cho, W.-K.; Kim, Y.-H.; Ma, J.Y. Therapeutic Effects of Acer palmatum Thumb. Leaf Extract (KIOM-2015E) on Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Dry Eye in a Mouse Model. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 14964. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314964
Yim N-H, Park E, Cho W-K, Kim Y-H, Ma JY. Therapeutic Effects of Acer palmatum Thumb. Leaf Extract (KIOM-2015E) on Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Dry Eye in a Mouse Model. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(23):14964. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314964
Chicago/Turabian StyleYim, Nam-Hui, Eunhee Park, Won-Kyung Cho, Yeoun-Hee Kim, and Jin Yeul Ma. 2022. "Therapeutic Effects of Acer palmatum Thumb. Leaf Extract (KIOM-2015E) on Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Dry Eye in a Mouse Model" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23: 14964. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314964