Probing Surface and Interfacial Tension of Ionic Liquids in Vacuum with the Pendant Drop and Sessile Drop Method
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Setup
2.1. General Setup
2.2. Pendant Drop
2.3. Sessile Drop
3. Reference Pendant Drop Measurements in Air
3.1. Water
3.2. Benzene
4. Pendant Drop Measurements on Ionic Liquids in High Vacuum
4.1. 1-Methly-3-Octylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate [C8C1Im][PF6] in Vacuum and Air
4.2. Bis-Polyethylene Glycol-Functionalized Imidazolium Iodides [(mPEGn)2Im]I in Vacuum
5. Summary and Conclusions
6. Materials
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Reference Liquid | T (K) | ρ (g/cm3) | γ (mN/m) | γ (mN/m) Literature | Standard Deviaton Δγ (mN/m) | Maximum Deviaton (mN/m) | Deviation from Literature Value (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MP-water | 295.45 | 0.9990 [46] | 72.40 ± 0.06 | 72.34 [45] | 0.06 | <0.1 | |
Benzene | 295.15 | 0.8767 [47] | 28.85 ± 0.03 | 28.62 [48] | 0.23 | 0.03 | 0.8 |
Condition | p (mbar) | γ (mN/m) (T = 298.15 K) | γ (mN/m) from Ref [53] (T = 298.13 K) | γ0 (mN/m) | γ1 (mN/m·K−1) | R2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Degassed | 3.3·10−6 | 34.18 | 50.88 | –0.0559 | 0.999 | |
Degassed | 1.0·103 | 34.03 | 33.95 | 50.69 | –0.0559 | 0.997 |
Non-degassed | 1.0·103 | 33.89 | 50.32 | –0.0551 | 0.999 |
IL | γ (mN/m) at 5·10−6 mbar (T = 298.15 K) | γ (mN/m) from Ref. [56] at 1 bar Ar (T = 298.15 K) | γ0 (mN/m) | γ1 (mN/m·K−1) | R2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[(mPEG2)2Im]I | 46.72 | 46.26 | 72.17 | –0.0854 | 0.997 |
[(mPEG4)2Im]I | 43.95 | 43.94 | 71.05 | –0.0909 | 0.999 |
[(mPEG6)2Im]I | 43.17 | 42.96 | 72.87 | –0.0996 | 0.997 |
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Paap, U.; Kreß, B.; Steinrück, H.-P.; Maier, F. Probing Surface and Interfacial Tension of Ionic Liquids in Vacuum with the Pendant Drop and Sessile Drop Method. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 13158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113158
Paap U, Kreß B, Steinrück H-P, Maier F. Probing Surface and Interfacial Tension of Ionic Liquids in Vacuum with the Pendant Drop and Sessile Drop Method. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(21):13158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113158
Chicago/Turabian StylePaap, Ulrike, Bernd Kreß, Hans-Peter Steinrück, and Florian Maier. 2022. "Probing Surface and Interfacial Tension of Ionic Liquids in Vacuum with the Pendant Drop and Sessile Drop Method" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 21: 13158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113158