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Brief Report

Plastic and Placenta: Identification of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Compounds in the Human Placenta by HPLC-MS/MS System

by
Antonio Ragusa
1,†,
Veronica Lelli
2,†,
Giuseppina Fanelli
2,
Alessandro Svelato
1,
Sara D’Avino
1,
Federica Gevi
2,
Criselda Santacroce
3,
Piera Catalano
3,
Mauro Ciro Antonio Rongioletti
3,
Caterina De Luca
1,
Alessandra Gulotta
4,
Sara Rinalducci
2 and
Anna Maria Timperio
2,*
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Campus Bio Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
2
Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
3
Department of Pathological Anatomy, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Via di Ponte Quattro Capi, 39, 00186 Roma, Italy
4
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(21), 12743; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232112743
Submission received: 29 August 2022 / Revised: 6 October 2022 / Accepted: 20 October 2022 / Published: 22 October 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Biology)
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Abstract

The placenta is a crucial interface between the fetus and the maternal environment. It allows for nutrient absorption, thermal regulation, waste elimination, and gas exchange through the mother’s blood supply. Furthermore, the placenta determines important adjustments and epigenetic modifications that can change the phenotypic expression of the individual even long after birth. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a polyether compound derived from petroleum with many applications, from medicine to industrial manufacturing. In this study, for the first time, an integration of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) was used to detect suites of PEG compounds in human placenta samples, collected from 12 placentas, originating from physiological pregnancy. In 10 placentas, we identified fragments of PEG in both chorioamniotic membranes and placental cotyledons, for a total of 36 samples.
Keywords: plastics particles; placenta; polyethylene glycol; UHPLC–mass spectrometry plastics particles; placenta; polyethylene glycol; UHPLC–mass spectrometry
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MDPI and ACS Style

Ragusa, A.; Lelli, V.; Fanelli, G.; Svelato, A.; D’Avino, S.; Gevi, F.; Santacroce, C.; Catalano, P.; Rongioletti, M.C.A.; De Luca, C.; et al. Plastic and Placenta: Identification of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Compounds in the Human Placenta by HPLC-MS/MS System. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 12743. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232112743

AMA Style

Ragusa A, Lelli V, Fanelli G, Svelato A, D’Avino S, Gevi F, Santacroce C, Catalano P, Rongioletti MCA, De Luca C, et al. Plastic and Placenta: Identification of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Compounds in the Human Placenta by HPLC-MS/MS System. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(21):12743. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232112743

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ragusa, Antonio, Veronica Lelli, Giuseppina Fanelli, Alessandro Svelato, Sara D’Avino, Federica Gevi, Criselda Santacroce, Piera Catalano, Mauro Ciro Antonio Rongioletti, Caterina De Luca, and et al. 2022. "Plastic and Placenta: Identification of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Compounds in the Human Placenta by HPLC-MS/MS System" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 21: 12743. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232112743

APA Style

Ragusa, A., Lelli, V., Fanelli, G., Svelato, A., D’Avino, S., Gevi, F., Santacroce, C., Catalano, P., Rongioletti, M. C. A., De Luca, C., Gulotta, A., Rinalducci, S., & Timperio, A. M. (2022). Plastic and Placenta: Identification of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Compounds in the Human Placenta by HPLC-MS/MS System. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(21), 12743. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232112743

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