Glucose Stimulates Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene Expression in Microglia through a GLUT5-Independent Mechanism
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Fasting-Induced and Glucose-Induced Changes in Gdnf and Manf mRNA Expression in the Mouse Hypothalamus
2.2. Effect of Glucose on Gdnf and Manf mRNA Expression in SIM-A9 Cells
2.3. Glucose-Induced GDNF Protein Expression in SIM-A9 Cells
2.4. Effect of Fructose on Gdnf and Manf mRNA Expression in SIM-A9 Cells
2.5. Effect of GLUT5 Inhibition on Gdnf and Manf mRNA Expression in SIM-A9 Cells
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. Fasting and Glucose Treatment
4.3. Cell Culture and Treatment
4.4. RNA Analysis
4.5. Measurement of GDNF Protein Levels
4.6. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene | Accession No. | Direction | Sequences | Exon |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gdnf | NM_010275 | Forward | 5′-GACTTGGGTTTGGGCTATGAA-3′ | 3 |
Reverse | 5′-TGGCCTACTTTGTCACTTGTT-3′ | 3 | ||
Manf | NM_029103 | Forward | 5′-GTCACATTTTCACCAGCCAC-3′ | 2 |
Reverse | 5′-AGCATCATCTGTGGCTCCAA-3′ | 3 | ||
Hprt | NM_013556 | Forward | 5′-AGTCCCAGCGTCGTGATTAG-3′ | 1–2 |
Reverse | 5′-TGATGGCCTCCCATCTCCTT-3′ | 3 |
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Aldhshan, M.S.; Jhanji, G.; Poritsanos, N.J.; Mizuno, T.M. Glucose Stimulates Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene Expression in Microglia through a GLUT5-Independent Mechanism. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 7073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137073
Aldhshan MS, Jhanji G, Poritsanos NJ, Mizuno TM. Glucose Stimulates Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene Expression in Microglia through a GLUT5-Independent Mechanism. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(13):7073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137073
Chicago/Turabian StyleAldhshan, Muhammad S., Gursagar Jhanji, Nicole J. Poritsanos, and Tooru M. Mizuno. 2022. "Glucose Stimulates Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene Expression in Microglia through a GLUT5-Independent Mechanism" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 13: 7073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137073