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Article

Hydroxyapatite-Coated SPIONs and Their Influence on Cytokine Release

by
Bernhard Friedrich
1,
Jean-Philippe Auger
2,
Silvio Dutz
3,
Iwona Cicha
1,
Eveline Schreiber
1,
Julia Band
1,
Aldo R. Boccacccini
4,
Gerhard Krönke
2,
Christoph Alexiou
1 and
Rainer Tietze
1,*
1
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
2
Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
3
Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
4
Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, FAU, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(8), 4143; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084143
Submission received: 18 January 2021 / Revised: 6 April 2021 / Accepted: 14 April 2021 / Published: 16 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interactions of Cells with Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine 2.0)
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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite- or calcium phosphate-coated iron oxide nanoparticles have a high potential for use in many biomedical applications. In this study, a co-precipitation method for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite-coated nanoparticles (SPIONHAp), was used. The produced nanoparticles have been characterized by dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, atomic emission spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, selected area diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results showed a successful synthesis of 190 nm sized particles and their stable coating, resulting in SPIONHAp. Potential cytotoxic effects of SPIONHAp on EL4, THP-1, and Jurkat cells were tested, showing only a minor effect on cell viability at the highest tested concentration (400 µg Fe/mL). The results further showed that hydroxyapatite-coated SPIONs can induce minor TNF-α and IL-6 release by murine macrophages at a concentration of 100 µg Fe/mL. To investigate if and how such particles interact with other substances that modulate the immune response, SPIONHAp-treated macrophages were incubated with LPS (lipopolysaccharides) and dexamethasone. We found that cytokine release in response to these potent pro- and anti-inflammatory agents was modulated in the presence of SPIONHAp. Knowledge of this behavior is important for the management of inflammatory processes following in vivo applications of this type of SPIONs.
Keywords: hydroxyapatite; iron oxide nanoparticles; dexamethasone; lipopolysaccharides; cytokine release; macrophages hydroxyapatite; iron oxide nanoparticles; dexamethasone; lipopolysaccharides; cytokine release; macrophages

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MDPI and ACS Style

Friedrich, B.; Auger, J.-P.; Dutz, S.; Cicha, I.; Schreiber, E.; Band, J.; Boccacccini, A.R.; Krönke, G.; Alexiou, C.; Tietze, R. Hydroxyapatite-Coated SPIONs and Their Influence on Cytokine Release. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 4143. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084143

AMA Style

Friedrich B, Auger J-P, Dutz S, Cicha I, Schreiber E, Band J, Boccacccini AR, Krönke G, Alexiou C, Tietze R. Hydroxyapatite-Coated SPIONs and Their Influence on Cytokine Release. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(8):4143. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084143

Chicago/Turabian Style

Friedrich, Bernhard, Jean-Philippe Auger, Silvio Dutz, Iwona Cicha, Eveline Schreiber, Julia Band, Aldo R. Boccacccini, Gerhard Krönke, Christoph Alexiou, and Rainer Tietze. 2021. "Hydroxyapatite-Coated SPIONs and Their Influence on Cytokine Release" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8: 4143. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084143

APA Style

Friedrich, B., Auger, J.-P., Dutz, S., Cicha, I., Schreiber, E., Band, J., Boccacccini, A. R., Krönke, G., Alexiou, C., & Tietze, R. (2021). Hydroxyapatite-Coated SPIONs and Their Influence on Cytokine Release. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(8), 4143. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084143

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