Treatment of Oxidative Stress with Exosomes in Myocardial Ischemia
Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Gianfranco Pintus and Panagiotis Paliogiannis
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(4), 1729; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041729
Received: 4 January 2021
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Revised: 2 February 2021
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Accepted: 4 February 2021
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Published: 9 February 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Redox Homeostasis, Signaling, and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease)
A thrombus in a coronary artery causes ischemia, which eventually leads to myocardial infarction (MI) if not removed. However, removal generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury that damages the tissue and exacerbates the resulting MI. The mechanism of I/R injury is currently extensively understood. However, supplementation of exogenous antioxidants is ineffective against oxidative stress (OS). Enhancing the ability of endogenous antioxidants may be a more effective way to treat OS, and exosomes may play a role as targeted carriers. Exosomes are nanosized vesicles wrapped in biofilms which contain various complex RNAs and proteins. They are important intermediate carriers of intercellular communication and material exchange. In recent years, diagnosis and treatment with exosomes in cardiovascular diseases have gained considerable attention. Herein, we review the new findings of exosomes in the regulation of OS in coronary heart disease, discuss the possibility of exosomes as carriers for the targeted regulation of endogenous ROS generation, and compare the advantages of exosome therapy with those of stem-cell therapy. Finally, we explore several miRNAs found in exosomes against OS.
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Keywords:
exosome; oxidative stress; exosome therapy; myocardial infarction; coronary heart disease; reactive oxygen radicals
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MDPI and ACS Style
Liu, Y.; Wang, M.; Liang, Y.; Wang, C.; Naruse, K.; Takahashi, K. Treatment of Oxidative Stress with Exosomes in Myocardial Ischemia. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041729
AMA Style
Liu Y, Wang M, Liang Y, Wang C, Naruse K, Takahashi K. Treatment of Oxidative Stress with Exosomes in Myocardial Ischemia. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(4):1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041729
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Yun, Mengxue Wang, Yin Liang, Chen Wang, Keiji Naruse, and Ken Takahashi. 2021. "Treatment of Oxidative Stress with Exosomes in Myocardial Ischemia" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 4: 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041729
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