Possible Roles of tRNA Fragments, as New Regulatory ncRNAs, in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Yamasaki, Satoshi; Nakashima, Munetoshi; Ida, Hiroaki

doi:10.3390/ijms22179481

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Possible Roles of tRNA Fragments, as New Regulatory ncRNAs, in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis

by

Satoshi Yamasaki

^1,*,

Munetoshi Nakashima

¹ and

Hiroaki Ida

²

¹

Division of Rheumatology, Kurume University Medical Center, 155-1 Kokubu-machi, Kurume 839-0863, Fukuoka, Japan

²

Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Fukuoka, Japan

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(17), 9481; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179481

Submission received: 31 July 2021 / Revised: 25 August 2021 / Accepted: 28 August 2021 / Published: 31 August 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis—Breakthroughs in Molecular Mechanisms)

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Abstract

Understanding the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has led to the successful development of molecule-targeted drugs for the treatment of RA. However, some RA patients are refractory to these treatments, suggesting that the pathological mechanism of the disease is not entirely understood. Genome and transcriptome analysis is essential for understanding the unknown pathophysiology of human diseases. Rapid and more comprehensive gene analysis technologies have revealed notable changes in the expression of coding RNA and non-coding RNA in RA patients. This review focuses on the current state of non-coding RNA research in relation to RA, especially on tRNA fragments. Interestingly, it has been found that tRNA fragments repress translation and are antiapoptotic. The association between tRNA fragments and various diseases has been studied, and this article reviews the possible role of tRNA fragments in RA.

Keywords: non-coding RNA; tiRNA; angiogenin; ribonuclease inhibitor 1; Schlafen 2; stress granule; terminal oligoguanine motif; guanine quadruplexes; Y-box binding protein 1

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yamasaki, S.; Nakashima, M.; Ida, H. Possible Roles of tRNA Fragments, as New Regulatory ncRNAs, in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 9481. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179481

AMA Style

Yamasaki S, Nakashima M, Ida H. Possible Roles of tRNA Fragments, as New Regulatory ncRNAs, in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(17):9481. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179481

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yamasaki, Satoshi, Munetoshi Nakashima, and Hiroaki Ida. 2021. "Possible Roles of tRNA Fragments, as New Regulatory ncRNAs, in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 17: 9481. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179481

APA Style

Yamasaki, S., Nakashima, M., & Ida, H. (2021). Possible Roles of tRNA Fragments, as New Regulatory ncRNAs, in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(17), 9481. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179481

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Possible Roles of tRNA Fragments, as New Regulatory ncRNAs, in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis

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