The Protective Function and Modification of Secondary Metabolite Accumulation in Response to Light Stress in Dracocephalum forrestii Shoots
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Light-Mediated Morphology and Growth
2.2. Bioactive Compound Production
2.3. Antioxidant Response
3. Conclusions
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material
4.2. Light Conditions
4.3. Analysis of Photosynthetic Pigments
4.4. Extraction of Phenolic Acids
4.5. Determination of Phenolic Acids Content
4.6. Determination of Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes
4.7. Antioxidant Assays
4.8. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Peak No. | Compound | Compound Content [mg/g DW] under Different Light Treatments | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blue | Red | Red/Blue | White | Control | ||
1 | Chlorogenic acid | 2.001 ± 0.065 a | 1.021 ± 0.125 c | 2.043 ± 0.045 a | 1.839 ± 0.143 b | 1.086 ± 0.101 c |
2 | Caffeic acid | 0.096 ± 0.002 b | 0.040 ± 0.003 d | 0.049 ± 0.005 cd | 0.054 ± 0.025 c | 0.133 ± 0.011 a |
¾ | Salvianolic acid I/H Salvianolic acid E | 1.364 ± 0.050 c | 1.196 ± 0.135 c | 1.921 ± 0.093 a | 1.513 ± 0.151 b | 0.777 ± 0.066 d |
5 | Dicaffeoylquinic acid | 0.049 ± 0.003 b | 0.043 ± 0.004 b | 0.043 ± 0.003 b | 0.06 ± 0.006 a | 0.053 ± 0.007 a,b |
6 | Rosmarinic acid | 9.187 ± 0.320 b | 10.896 ± 0.810 a | 6.833 ± 0.591 c | 4.942 ± 0.314 d | 11.461 ± 0.759 a |
7 | Lithospermic acid | 0.492 ± 0.016 b | 0.151 ± 0.004 d | 0.552 ± 0.016 a | 0.546 ± 0.045 a,b | 0.414 ± 0.028 c |
8 | Salvianolic acid B | 3.285 ± 0.253 a,b | 3.608 ± 0.144 a | 2.842 ± 0.251 b | 2.884 ± 0.278 b | 0.289 ± 0.020 c |
9 | Apigenin p-coumarylrhamnoside | 2.448 ± 0.053 a | 1.171 ± 0.084 c | 1.632 ± 0.110 b | 1.180 ± 0.140 c | 1.305 ± 0.061 c |
10 | Metyl rosmarinate | 1.096 ± 0.028 a | 1.035 ± 0.013 b | 1.137 ± 0.045 a | 0.806 ± 0.063 c | 0.551 ± 0.028 d |
Total phenol content | 20.018 ± 0.801 a | 19.161 ± 1.360 a,b | 17.052 ± 1.170 b,c | 13.824 ± 1.181 d | 16.069 ± 1.090 c,d |
r | FRAP | DPPH | POD | SOD | CAT |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total phenol content | 0.91 | −0.67 | 0.40 | 0.88 | 0.70 |
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Weremczuk-Jeżyna, I.; Hnatuszko-Konka, K.; Lebelt, L.; Grzegorczyk-Karolak, I. The Protective Function and Modification of Secondary Metabolite Accumulation in Response to Light Stress in Dracocephalum forrestii Shoots. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 7965. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22157965
Weremczuk-Jeżyna I, Hnatuszko-Konka K, Lebelt L, Grzegorczyk-Karolak I. The Protective Function and Modification of Secondary Metabolite Accumulation in Response to Light Stress in Dracocephalum forrestii Shoots. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(15):7965. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22157965
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeremczuk-Jeżyna, Izabela, Katarzyna Hnatuszko-Konka, Liwia Lebelt, and Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak. 2021. "The Protective Function and Modification of Secondary Metabolite Accumulation in Response to Light Stress in Dracocephalum forrestii Shoots" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 15: 7965. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22157965