Interactions among Long Non-Coding RNAs and microRNAs Influence Disease Phenotype in Diabetes and Diabetic Kidney Disease
Abstract
:1. Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA)
2. Synthesis Procedure and Location
3. LNCs in Diabetic Kidney Disease
4. LncRNAs Involvement in the Regulation of EMT
5. LncRNAs Involvement in the Regulation of EndMT
6. LNCs Interaction with microRNA
7. LNCs in the Regulations of Antifibrotic microRNAs Crosstalk
8. LncRNA-miRNA-Based Treatment for DKD, Future directions and Perspectives
9. Conclusions
lncRNAs | Expression | Samples | Targets | Functions | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plasmacytoma variant translocation (PVT1) | Up | High-glucose stimulated mesangial cells | Fibronectin, collagen IV, TGF-β1, and PAI-1 | DN, ECM accumulation. | [20,24,25] |
Metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT-1) | Up | Endothelial cells, STZ mice Podocytes, HEK-293 cells Renal tissues, proximal tubular epithelial cells Serum | IL-6, TNF-α, SAA3, miR-29b CTNNBIP1, SRSF1 miR-23c, ELAVL1, NLRP3 miR-499a | renal fibrosis, disrupts endothelial cell stability Podocytes cell damage Injuries in tubular cells DN phenotypes | [26,27,28,29] |
Gm4419 | Up | High-glucose stimulated mesangial cells | NF-κB/NLRP3 | Fibrosis, cell proliferation | [30] |
GM5524 | Up | Diabetic tissues, High-glucose stimulated podocytes | Bcl2 and Bax protein LC3/ATG autophagy pathway | DN, Podocytes cells damage | [50,51] |
NR_033515 | Up | Serum, HEK293 T cells, mesangial cells | PCNA, cyclin D1, P38, ASK1, fibronectin, and α-SMA, E-cadherin and vimentin and miR-743b-5p | DN phenotypes, EMT and cell proliferation | [31] |
Erbb4-IR | Up | Renal tissue | miR-29b, TGF-β/Smad3 | Renal fibrosis | [32,38] |
Antisense mitochondrial noncoding RNA-2 (ASncmtRNA-2) | Up | Endothelial cells | ROS, (i) inducing lipid peroxidation, protein crosslinking, and the formation of DNA adducts; (ii) inducing direct damage to cellular DNA; and (iii) activating multiple cellular signaling pathways, including NF-κB and TGF-β1. | Damage to endothelial cells, Ageing, replicative senescence and fibrosis | [33] |
Lnc-MGC | Up | Renal tissues Podocytes Mesangial cells | Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related transcription factor, CHOP (C/EBP homologous protein), TGF-β1. | ER stress, renal fibrosis, glomerular hypertrophy, and podocyte cells injury EMT and DN. | [34] |
GAS5 | Up | Human tubular epithelial cells | miR-27, P53, CASP3, NF-κB, BNIP3 | Tubular cell apoptosis | [133] |
GM6135 | Up | Glucose-stimulated-mesangial cells | TLR4, miR-203 | Renal inflammation and fibrosis | [134] |
LnC-H19 | Up | Diabetic mice UUO mice Endothelial cells | TGF-β/Smad3, miR-29a | Renal inflammation and fibrosis | [22,96,97,98,99] |
CJ241444- miR-192 | Up | Renal cortex and mesangial cells | TGF-β, Akt, Col1a2, Col4A1, Smad, Ets1, miR-192 | Glomerular fibrosis | [81] |
NEAT1 | Up | Renal tissues | Akt, Mtor, collagen IV, Fibronectin, TGF-β1. Zeb1, miR-27b-3p, Ask1, fibronectin | Glomerular fibrosis Mesangial cell proliferation | [36,37] |
Circular noncoding RNAs circRNA_15698 | Up | Renal cortical cells mesangial cells | collagen IV, collagen I, Fibronectin, TGF-β1. miR-185 | Renal fibrosis | [135] |
circLRP6 | Up | Renal cells | miR-205, HMGB1 | DN progression | [136] |
circACTR2 | Up | Tubular cells | interleukin (IL)-1β, collagen IV and fibronectin | Pyroptosis, Fibrosis in Renal Tubular Cells | [137] |
circHIPK3 | Up | DN tissues, Glucose-stimulated mesangial cells | Cyclin D1, PCNA, TGF-β1, Collagen I, Fibronectin and miR-185 | DN progression | [138] |
circ_0000491 | Up | Glucose-stimulated-mesangial cells | TGFβR1, miR-101b | Glomerular fibrosis | [139] |
circRNA_010383 | down | Kidneys of db/db mice mesangial cells | Sponges for miR-135a | DN | [140] |
Taurine up-regulated 1 (TUG1) | down | Glucose-stimulated mesangial cells, renal cortex, mesangial cells | endogenous sponge of miR-377, PGC-1α, PAI-1, TGF-β1, FN, collagen IV | Mesangial cells damage, podocyte cell death | [42] |
Myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) | down | HK-2 cells | Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Acta2 | tubular cells damage | [20,35] |
Cancer susceptibility candidate 2 (CASC2) | down | serum and renal tissues | JNK pathway | renal failure, podocyte cell death | [45,46,47,48] |
ENSMUST00000147869 | down | mesangial cells, renal cortex | ECM synthesis, fibronectin and Collagen IV | Mesangial cells damage | [41] |
1700020I14Rik | down | mesangial cells, Renal tissues | miR-34a-5p, Sirt1, HIF-1α | renal fibrosis | [49] |
CYP4B1-PS1-001 | down | mesangial cells, renal tissues | nucleolin (NCL), ubiquitin proteasome-dependent pathway | mesangial cells proliferation and fibrosis | [39,40] |
Gm15645 | down | Kidneys of Db/db mice and high-glucose-stimulated podocytes | Bcl2/Bax and LC3/ATG pathways | DN, podocyte cell apoptosis | [50] |
LINC01619 | down | DN tissues, podocytes | miR-27a, FoxO1, ROS, CHOP, GRP78 | DN | [51] |
LncRIAN | down | Renal biopsy, podocyte cell | Acta2, Smad2, Smad3, miR-150 | Myofibroblasts formation | [81] |
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
AcSDKP | N-acetyl-seryl-lysyl-proline |
ACE | Angiotensin-converting enzyme |
AKT | protein kinase B |
ASK1 | Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 |
ASncmtRNA | Antisense mitochondrial noncoding RNA-2 |
ASO | Antisense oligonucleotide |
CASC2 | Cancer susceptibility candidate 2 |
CD73 | Cluster of differentiation 73 |
CD31 | Cluster of differentiation 31 |
CDKN1B | Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1B |
CHOP | C/EBP homologous protein |
CKD | Chronic kidney disease |
COL4A1 | Collagen Type IV Alpha 1 Chain |
DPP-4 | Dipeptidyl transferase-4 |
DKD | Diabetic kidney disease |
DM | Diabetes mellitus |
DN | Diabetic nephropathy |
ECM | extracellular matrix |
EGF | Epidermal growth factor |
EMT | epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition |
EndMT | endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition |
ER | endoplasmic reticulum stress |
ESRD | End-stage renal disease |
FSP-1 | Fibroblast-specific protein-1 |
FGF-2 | Fibroblasts specific growth factor-2 |
FN | Fibronectin |
FoxO1 | Forkhead box protein O1 |
FGFR1 | Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 |
GR | Glucocorticoid receptor |
HIF1 α | Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 Subunit Alpha |
IGF1R | Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor |
IL-6 | Interleukins-6 |
IFN-γ | Interferon-gamma |
LncRNA | Long non-coding RNAs |
LNA | Locked nucleic acid |
MALAT1 | Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 |
MiRNA | MicroRNA |
MIAT | Myocardial infarction-associated transcript |
MMP-2 | Matrix metalloproteinase-2 |
MMP-9 | Matrix metalloproteinase-9 |
mTOR | Mammalian target of rapamycin |
NAT | Natural antisense transcript |
ncRNA | Non-coding RNAs |
NEAT1 | Nuclear enriched abundant Transcript-1 |
NF-κB | Nuclear factor kappa light-chain enhancer of activated B cells |
NRF2 | nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 |
NLRP3 | NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 |
ORF | Open reading frame |
PGC-1α | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha |
PPAR-γ | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma PPAR-γ |
PVT1 | Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 |
RNCR2 | Retinal non-coding RNA 2 |
SIRT1 | Sirtuin 1 |
SIRT3 | Sirtuin 3 |
SM22α | Smooth muscle 22-alpha |
αSMA | Alpha smooth muscle actin |
TGFβ1 | Transforming growth factor β1 |
TNF α | Tumor necrosis factor α |
TUG1 | Taurine Up-Regulated 1 |
UTR | Untranslated region |
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Srivastava, S.P.; Goodwin, J.E.; Tripathi, P.; Kanasaki, K.; Koya, D. Interactions among Long Non-Coding RNAs and microRNAs Influence Disease Phenotype in Diabetes and Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 6027. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22116027
Srivastava SP, Goodwin JE, Tripathi P, Kanasaki K, Koya D. Interactions among Long Non-Coding RNAs and microRNAs Influence Disease Phenotype in Diabetes and Diabetic Kidney Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(11):6027. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22116027
Chicago/Turabian StyleSrivastava, Swayam Prakash, Julie E. Goodwin, Pratima Tripathi, Keizo Kanasaki, and Daisuke Koya. 2021. "Interactions among Long Non-Coding RNAs and microRNAs Influence Disease Phenotype in Diabetes and Diabetic Kidney Disease" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11: 6027. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22116027