Transglutaminases and Obesity in Humans: Association of F13A1 to Adipocyte Hypertrophy and Adipose Tissue Immune Response
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Weight-Discordant MZ Twins
4.2. Adipose Tissue Biopsies, Adipocyte and Tissue Preparations, and RNA Extraction
4.3. Adipocyte Morphology
4.4. Affymetrix Transcriptomics
4.5. Transcriptome-Wide Association Study, Statistics, and Bioinformatics
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Clinical and Adipocity Parameters | Heavier Co-twin | Leaner Co-twin | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Height (cm) | 169.3 ± 2.89 | 169.2 ± 3.0 | 0.7530 |
Weight (kg) | 83.8 ± 4.6 | 67.0 ± 4.1 | 0.0022 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 29.0 ± 0.85 | 23.2 ± 0.7 | 0.0022 |
Body fat (%) | 41.9 ± 2.0 | 32.8 ±1.8 | 0.0029 |
Body fat (kg) | 34.7 ± 2.3 | 22.0 ± 1.9 | 0.0022 |
Fat-free mass (kg) | 46.6 ± 3.7 | 42.8 ± 2.9 | 0.0029 |
Subcutaneous fat (dm3) | 5762.4 ± 450.6 | 3303.6 ± 275.4 | 0.0022 |
Intra-abdominal fat (dm3) | 1109.8 ± 186.4 | 502.2 ± 91.2 | 0.0037 |
Liver fat (%) | 2.4 ± 0.74 | 0.60 ± 0.06 | 0.0076 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.14 ± 0.07 | 0.96 ± 0.11 | 0.1823 |
fP-Leptin (pg/mL) | 34,229.0 ± 5931.3 | 18,331.8 ± 4412.6 | 0.0037 |
fP-Adiponectin (ng/mL) | 2844.0 ± 382.1 | 3520.1 ± 380.1 | 0.0186 |
Adipocyte diameter (mm) | 87.9 ± 2.82 | 76.6 ± 2.77 | 0.0022 |
Adipocyte number | 8.8e + 13 ± 5.7e + 12 | 8.5e + 13 ± 8.2e + 12 | 0.4328 |
Positive Correlation | ||||
Gene Symbol | Gene ID | Gene Name | Pearson (r) | p-Value |
CPVL | ENSG00000106066 | Carboxypeptidase, vitellogenic-like | 0.946 | 0.00000097 |
PYCARD | ENSG00000103490 | PYD and CARD domain containing | 0.941 | 0.00000167 |
CTSS | ENSG00000163131 | Cathepsin S | 0.902 | 0.00002544 |
ITGAM | ENSG00000169896 | Integrin subunit alpha M | 0.885 | 0.00005774 |
DCLK1 | ENSG00000133083 | Doublecortin-like kinase 1 | 0.867 | 0.00012405 |
CYBB | ENSG00000165168 | Cytochrome b-245 beta chain | 0.856 | 0.00018955 |
SRGN | ENSG00000122862 | Serglycin | 0.842 | 0.0003081 |
TM4SF1 | ENSG00000169908 | Transmembrane 4 L six family member 18 | 0.834 | 0.00039092 |
PDE4B | ENSG00000184588 | Phosphodiesterase 4B | 0.834 | 0.00039317 |
TFPI | ENSG00000003436 | Tissue factor pathway inhibitor | 0.83 | 0.00044582 |
ANXA4 | ENSG00000196975 | Annexin A4 | 0.827 | 0.00049387 |
IL8 | ENSG00000169429 | Interleukin 8 | 0.806 | 0.00087858 |
VCAN | ENSG00000038427 | Versican | 0.806 | 0.00088439 |
BCL2A1 | ENSG00000140379 | BCL2-related protein A1 | 0.802 | 0.00097386 |
LCP1 | ENSG00000136167 | Lymphocyte cytosolic protein 1/Plastin-2 | 0.802 | 0.00097956 |
RECK | ENSG00000122707 | Reversion inducing cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs | 0.799 | 0.00105162 |
ABI3BP | ENSG00000154175 | ABI family member 3 binding protein | 0.795 | 0.00115971 |
IL1B | ENSG00000125538 | Interleukin 1 beta | 0.786 | 0.00145102 |
SAMSN1 | ENSG00000155307 | SAM domain, SH3 domain, and nuclear localization signals 1 | 0.78 | 0.00165797 |
RGS1 | ENSG00000090104 | Regulator of G protein signaling 1 | 0.775 | 0.00186205 |
CCDC109B | ENSG00000005059 | Mitochondrial calcium uniporter dominant negative beta subunit | 0.774 | 0.0018858 |
NCEH1 | ENSG00000144959 | Neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1 | 0.766 | 0.0022702 |
ARPC5 | ENSG00000162704 | Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5 | 0.764 | 0.00235294 |
LYZ | ENSG00000090382 | Lysozyme | 0.762 | 0.00247521 |
MAPK1 | ENSG00000100030 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | 0.743 | 0.00359262 |
HLA-DRA | ENSG00000204287 | Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR alpha | 0.743 | 0.00361775 |
ARHGAP18 | ENSG00000146376 | Rho GTPase activating protein 18 | 0.743 | 0.00364017 |
TNFSF13B | ENSG00000102524 | TNF superfamily member 13b/B cell activation factor | 0.739 | 0.00393293 |
WIPF1 | ENSG00000115935 | WAS/WASL interacting protein family, member 1 | 0.728 | 0.00481724 |
CNKSR3 | ENSG00000153721 | CNKSR family member 3 | 0.725 | 0.00503039 |
MGP | ENSG00000111341 | Matrix Gla protein | 0.72 | 0.00555039 |
EVI2A | ENSG00000126860 | Ecotropic viral integration site 2A | 0.717 | 0.00579394 |
NPTN | ENSG00000156642 | Neuroplastin | 0.715 | 0.00596749 |
SELE | ENSG00000007908 | Selectin-E | 0.778 | 0.00174649 |
LPCAT1 | ENSG00000153395 | Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 | 0.732 | 0.00445358 |
Negative Correlation | ||||
Gene Symbol | Gene ID | Gene Name | Pearson (r) | p-Value |
SCRN2 | ENSG00000141295 | Secernin 2 | –0.876 | 0.000086 |
PTPRF | ENSG00000142949 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type F | –0.84 | 0.00033 |
EMC3 | ENSG00000125037 | ER membrane protein complex subunit 3 | –0.816 | 0.000673 |
ABCD1 | ENSG00000101986 | ATP binding cassette subfamily D member 1 | –0.793 | 0.001229 |
PLA2G16 | ENSG00000176485 | Phospholipase A and acyltransferase 3 | –0.784 | 0.001527 |
NFRKB | ENSG00000170322 | Nuclear factor related to kappaB binding protein | –0.74 | 0.00386 |
HEPACAM | ENSG00000165478 | Hepatic and glial cell adhesion molecule | –0.734 | 0.00426 |
RBP1 | ENSG00000114115 | Retinol binding protein 1, cellular | –0.725 | 0.00501 |
STAT5A | ENSG00000126561 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A | –0.72 | 0.00556 |
TUSC5 | ENSG00000184811 | Tumor suppressor candidate 5/Trafficking regulator of GLUT4 | –0.717 | 0.005843 |
COX5A | ENSG00000178741 | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit Va | –0.712 | 0.006346 |
REPIN1 | ENSG00000214022 | Replication initiator 1 | –0.772 | 0.001987 |
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Kaartinen, M.T.; Arora, M.; Heinonen, S.; Rissanen, A.; Kaprio, J.; Pietiläinen, K.H. Transglutaminases and Obesity in Humans: Association of F13A1 to Adipocyte Hypertrophy and Adipose Tissue Immune Response. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 8289. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218289
Kaartinen MT, Arora M, Heinonen S, Rissanen A, Kaprio J, Pietiläinen KH. Transglutaminases and Obesity in Humans: Association of F13A1 to Adipocyte Hypertrophy and Adipose Tissue Immune Response. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(21):8289. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218289
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaartinen, Mari T., Mansi Arora, Sini Heinonen, Aila Rissanen, Jaakko Kaprio, and Kirsi H. Pietiläinen. 2020. "Transglutaminases and Obesity in Humans: Association of F13A1 to Adipocyte Hypertrophy and Adipose Tissue Immune Response" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21: 8289. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218289