Polyphenol-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Evidence of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

Benvenuto, Monica; Albonici, Loredana; Focaccetti, Chiara; Ciuffa, Sara; Fazi, Sara; Cifaldi, Loredana; Miele, Martino Tony; De Maio, Fernando; Tresoldi, Ilaria; Manzari, Vittorio; Modesti, Andrea; Masuelli, Laura; Bei, Roberto

doi:10.3390/ijms21186635

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Polyphenol-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Evidence of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

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Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy

Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy

Department of Human Science and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University Rome, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy

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Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy

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Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy

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Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

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These authors contributed equally to this work.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(18), 6635; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186635

Received: 7 August 2020 / Revised: 7 September 2020 / Accepted: 8 September 2020 / Published: 10 September 2020

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effect of Dietary Factors on Cancer 2.0)

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Abstract

One of the hallmarks of cellular transformation is the altered mechanism of cell death. There are three main types of cell death, characterized by different morphological and biochemical features, namely apoptosis (type I), autophagic cell death (type II) and necrosis (type III). Autophagy, or self-eating, is a tightly regulated process involved in stress responses, and it is a lysosomal degradation process. The role of autophagy in cancer is controversial and has been associated with both the induction and the inhibition of tumor growth. Autophagy can exert tumor suppression through the degradation of oncogenic proteins, suppression of inflammation, chronic tissue damage and ultimately by preventing mutations and genetic instability. On the other hand, tumor cells activate autophagy for survival in cellular stress conditions. Thus, autophagy modulation could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. Several studies have shown that polyphenols, natural compounds found in foods and beverages of plant origin, can efficiently modulate autophagy in several types of cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the effects of polyphenols on autophagy, highlighting the conceptual benefits or drawbacks and subtle cell-specific effects of polyphenols for envisioning future therapies employing polyphenols as chemoadjuvants. View Full-Text

Keywords: polyphenols; natural compound; autophagy; cancer; cell death; cytoprotective

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MDPI and ACS Style

Benvenuto, M.; Albonici, L.; Focaccetti, C.; Ciuffa, S.; Fazi, S.; Cifaldi, L.; Miele, M.T.; De Maio, F.; Tresoldi, I.; Manzari, V.; Modesti, A.; Masuelli, L.; Bei, R. Polyphenol-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Evidence of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 6635. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186635

AMA Style

Benvenuto M, Albonici L, Focaccetti C, Ciuffa S, Fazi S, Cifaldi L, Miele MT, De Maio F, Tresoldi I, Manzari V, Modesti A, Masuelli L, Bei R. Polyphenol-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Evidence of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(18):6635. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186635

Chicago/Turabian Style

Benvenuto, Monica, Loredana Albonici, Chiara Focaccetti, Sara Ciuffa, Sara Fazi, Loredana Cifaldi, Martino T. Miele, Fernando De Maio, Ilaria Tresoldi, Vittorio Manzari, Andrea Modesti, Laura Masuelli, and Roberto Bei. 2020. "Polyphenol-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Evidence of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 18: 6635. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186635

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