Role of Age-Related Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Sarcopenia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Mitochondria and Aging
3. Mitochondria and the Skeletal Muscle
3.1. Mitochondria Localization in Skeletal Myofibers
3.2. Mitochondria Dynamics in the Skeletal Muscle
4. Mitochondria and Sarcopenia
Role of Physical Training in Sarcopenia
5. Mitochondria, Cellular Senescence and Sarcopenia
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Theory | Main Findings | Reference |
---|---|---|
The Free Radical Theory of Aging | The aging process is caused by cumulative oxidative damage to cells by free radicals | Harman [31] |
The Superoxide Theory | Superoxide dismutase is an antioxidant defense against superoxide, the origin of most reactive oxygen species (ROS) | McCord and Fridovich [38] |
The Oxidative Stress Theory | Oxidative stress is defined as an excessive accumulation of pro-oxidative features and ROS | Sies and Cadenas [39] |
The Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging | Mitochondria is the main source of free radicals and the key target for oxidative damage | Miquel et al. [40] |
The Free Radical Theory of Frailty | Oxidative damage does not correlate with chronological age but rather with their frailty state | Vina et al. [41] |
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Ferri, E.; Marzetti, E.; Calvani, R.; Picca, A.; Cesari, M.; Arosio, B. Role of Age-Related Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Sarcopenia. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 5236. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155236
Ferri E, Marzetti E, Calvani R, Picca A, Cesari M, Arosio B. Role of Age-Related Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Sarcopenia. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(15):5236. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155236
Chicago/Turabian StyleFerri, Evelyn, Emanuele Marzetti, Riccardo Calvani, Anna Picca, Matteo Cesari, and Beatrice Arosio. 2020. "Role of Age-Related Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Sarcopenia" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 15: 5236. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155236