Time-Restricted G-Protein Signaling Pathways via GPR176, Gz, and RGS16 Set the Pace of the Master Circadian Clock in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The SCN Is the Principal Circadian Pacemaker in Mammals
3. GPR176 Is a Gz-Linked Orphan GPCR that Sets the Pace of the SCN Clock
3.1. GPR176 Colocalizes with VIPR2 and Displays Oscillatory Abundance
3.2. Agonist-Independent Activity of GPR176 Counteracts VIPR2-cAMP Signaling
3.3. The Unique G-Protein Subclass Gz Is Required for GPR176 Basal Activity
3.4. GPR176 Is an N-Glycosylated GPCR
4. RGS16 Is a Regulator of G-Protein-cAMP Signaling in the SCN
5. Advantage of Focusing on GPCRs in the SCN
6. Deorphanizing GPR176
7. Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Subtype | kcat (min–1) | Source | Ref |
---|---|---|---|
Gαs | 4.5 | bovine, recombinant, purified from E. coli | [40] |
Gαi1 | 2.4 | rat, recombinant, purified from E. coli | [41] |
Gαi2 | 2.7 | rat, recombinant, purified from E. coli | [41] |
Gαi3 | 1.8 | rat, recombinant, purified from E. coli | [41] |
Gαo | 2.2 | rat, recombinant, purified from E. coli | [41] |
Gαz | 0.05 | human, recombinant, purified from E. coli | [42] |
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Nakagawa, S.; Nguyen Pham, K.T.; Shao, X.; Doi, M. Time-Restricted G-Protein Signaling Pathways via GPR176, Gz, and RGS16 Set the Pace of the Master Circadian Clock in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 5055. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21145055
Nakagawa S, Nguyen Pham KT, Shao X, Doi M. Time-Restricted G-Protein Signaling Pathways via GPR176, Gz, and RGS16 Set the Pace of the Master Circadian Clock in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(14):5055. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21145055
Chicago/Turabian StyleNakagawa, Shumpei, Khanh Tien Nguyen Pham, Xinyan Shao, and Masao Doi. 2020. "Time-Restricted G-Protein Signaling Pathways via GPR176, Gz, and RGS16 Set the Pace of the Master Circadian Clock in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 14: 5055. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21145055