17-Aminogeldanamycin Inhibits Constitutive Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) Activity in Patient-Derived Melanoma Cell Lines
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Patient-Derived Melanoma Cell Lines Differently Execute the p65/NF-κB-Dependent Program
2.2. 17-Aminogeldanamycin (AG) Reduces Viable Cell Number in Melanoma Cell Lines, which is Associated with Induction of Apoptosis
2.3. AG Inhibits p65/NF-κB Activity in Melanoma Cells of BRAFV600E and NRASQ61R Subtypes
2.4. AG Diversely Affects Transcript and Proteins Levels of Different NF-κB-Dependent Genes
2.5. AG Affects Transcript Level and Secretion of VEGF
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Cell Culture
4.2. Compounds
4.3. Time-Lapse Microscopy
4.4. Acid Phosphatase Activity Assay
4.5. Flow Cytometry
4.6. Cell Lysate Preparation and Western Blotting
4.7. RNA Isolation, Synthesis of cDNA and Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR)
4.8. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
4.9. RT2 Profiler PCR Array
4.10. Whole-Exome Sequencing
4.11. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ABCB5 AG BCL2L1 | ATP-binding cassette member B5 17-aminogeldanamycin BCL-2-like 1 |
BRAF | B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase |
CCND1 CDK6 | cyclin D1 cyclin-dependent kinase 6 |
CXCL8 DMBC ERK1/2 EZH2 | C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 enhancer of zeste homolog 2 |
HSP90 IFN-γ IKK IL-1β IL-6 IL-8 MMP-2 | heat shock protein 90 interferon-gamma IκB kinase interleukin-1β interleukin-6 interleukin-8 matrix metalloproteinase-2 |
NF-κB NFAT NIK NRAS PAX3 PD-L1 RSK1 STAT3 TBK1 TNFα VEGF | nuclear factor-kappa B nuclear factor of activated T-cells nuclear factor-kappa B-inducing kinase neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog paired box 3 programmed death-ligand 1 ribosomal kinase 1 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 TANK-binding kinase 1 tumor necrosis factor alpha vascular endothelial growth factor |
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Genes Overexpressed in DMBC12 vs. DMBC11 | Genes Underexpressed in DMBC12 vs. DMBC11 | ||
---|---|---|---|
Gene Symbol | Fold Regulation | Gene Symbol | Fold Regulation |
CXCL8 | 42.64 | ICAM1 | −5.60 |
CXCL1 | 25.41 | TNFSF10 | −4.50 |
CXCL2 | 13.27 | IL6 | −3.74 |
BIRC3 | 12.79 | IL4 | −3.68 |
CCL2 | 5.28 | IL12B | −3.02 |
BCL2A1 | 4.88 | NQO1 | −3.00 |
IL1A | 4.65 | CD69 | −3.11 |
EGFR | 4.38 | IL2RA | −2.52 |
IL1B | 4.09 | CCL11 | −2.38 |
F8 | 2.53 | PLAU | −2.38 |
NFKBIA | 2.23 | FASLG | −2.27 |
NFKB1 | 2.10 | IL1RN | −2.17 |
STAT3 | −2.05 | ||
Genes Overexpressed in DMBC21 vs. DMBC11 | Genes Underexpressed in DMBC21 vs. DMBC11 | ||
Gene Symbol | Fold Regulation | Gene Symbol | Fold Regulation |
BCL2A1 | 70.48 | IL1A | −43.81 |
CCL2 | 64.05 | TNFRSF1B | −15.27 |
CXCL1 | 46.70 | CCL22 | −10.14 |
CXCL2 | 26.45 | CCR5 | −7.35 |
F8 | 22.12 | PLAU | −6.88 |
C3 | 19.83 | CD80 | −6.39 |
AGT | 15.05 | PTGS2 | −5.34 |
CXCL8 | 13.33 | IL12B | −4.77 |
IL1B | 7.03 | IL2RA | −4.72 |
ICAM1 | 6.19 | FASLG | −4.69 |
NR4A2 | 5.18 | CSF3 | −4.60 |
ADM | 4.43 | MAP2K6 | −4.25 |
IL15 | 3.39 | SNAP25 | −4.24 |
BCL2L1 | 2.61 | EGFR | −4.12 |
SOD2 | 2.57 | BIRC3 | −3.68 |
CD83 | 2.56 | NFKB2 | −3.48 |
CDKN1A | 2.44 | CCL11 | −3.34 |
STAT1 | 2.35 | SELE | −3.32 |
LTA | −3.27 | ||
CSF1 | −3.09 | ||
GADD45B | −3.02 | ||
CSF2 | −2.78 | ||
IL1RN | −2.73 | ||
F3 | −2.54 | ||
IFNB1 | −2.53 | ||
ALDH3A2 | −2.33 | ||
SELP | −2.21 | ||
INS | −2.17 | ||
CXCL9 | −2.16 | ||
BIRC2 | −2.11 |
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Hartman, M.L.; Rogut, M.; Mielczarek-Lewandowska, A.; Wozniak, M.; Czyz, M. 17-Aminogeldanamycin Inhibits Constitutive Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) Activity in Patient-Derived Melanoma Cell Lines. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 3749. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21113749
Hartman ML, Rogut M, Mielczarek-Lewandowska A, Wozniak M, Czyz M. 17-Aminogeldanamycin Inhibits Constitutive Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) Activity in Patient-Derived Melanoma Cell Lines. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(11):3749. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21113749
Chicago/Turabian StyleHartman, Mariusz L., Magdalena Rogut, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Lewandowska, Michal Wozniak, and Malgorzata Czyz. 2020. "17-Aminogeldanamycin Inhibits Constitutive Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) Activity in Patient-Derived Melanoma Cell Lines" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 11: 3749. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21113749