Benefits and Drawbacks of Harboring Plasmid pP32BP2, Identified in Arctic Psychrophilic Bacterium Psychrobacter sp. DAB_AL32B

Ciok, Anna; Cegielski, Adrian; Bartosik, Dariusz; Dziewit, Lukasz

doi:10.3390/ijms20082015

Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Edit a Special Issue

Article Menu

...

Open AccessArticle

Benefits and Drawbacks of Harboring Plasmid pP32BP2, Identified in Arctic Psychrophilic Bacterium Psychrobacter sp. DAB_AL32B

and

Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(8), 2015; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20082015

Received: 26 February 2019 / Revised: 11 April 2019 / Accepted: 22 April 2019 / Published: 24 April 2019

(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Microbiology)

View Full-Text Download PDF

Browse Figures

Citation Export

Abstract

Psychrobacter sp. DAB_AL32B, originating from Spitsbergen island (Arctic), carries the large plasmid pP32BP2 (54,438 bp). Analysis of the pP32BP2 nucleotide sequence revealed the presence of three predicted phenotypic modules that comprise nearly 30% of the plasmid genome. These modules appear to be involved in fimbriae synthesis via the chaperone-usher pathway (FIM module) and the aerobic and anaerobic metabolism of carnitine (CAR and CAI modules, respectively). The FIM module was found to be functional in diverse hosts since it facilitated the attachment of bacterial cells to abiotic surfaces, enhancing biofilm formation. The CAI module did not show measurable activity in any of the tested strains. Interestingly, the CAR module enabled the enzymatic breakdown of carnitine, but this led to the formation of the toxic by-product trimethylamine, which inhibited bacterial growth. Thus, on the one hand, pP32BP2 can enhance biofilm formation, a highly advantageous feature in cold environments, while on the other, it may prevent bacterial growth under certain environmental conditions. The detrimental effect of harboring pP32BP2 (and its CAR module) seems to be conditional, since this replicon may also confer the ability to use carnitine as an alternative carbon source, although a pathway to utilize trimethylamine is most probably necessary to make this beneficial. Therefore, the phenotype determined by this CAR-containing plasmid depends on the metabolic background of the host strain. View Full-Text

Keywords: Psychrobacter; psychrophile; plasmid; Arctic; adhesion; biofilm formation; carnitine metabolism; trimethylamine

▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Supplementary Material

Supplementary File 1:
PDF-Document (PDF, 2483 KiB)

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Ciok, A.; Cegielski, A.; Bartosik, D.; Dziewit, L. Benefits and Drawbacks of Harboring Plasmid pP32BP2, Identified in Arctic Psychrophilic Bacterium Psychrobacter sp. DAB_AL32B. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20082015

AMA Style

Ciok A, Cegielski A, Bartosik D, Dziewit L. Benefits and Drawbacks of Harboring Plasmid pP32BP2, Identified in Arctic Psychrophilic Bacterium Psychrobacter sp. DAB_AL32B. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(8):2015. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20082015

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ciok, Anna, Adrian Cegielski, Dariusz Bartosik, and Lukasz Dziewit. 2019. "Benefits and Drawbacks of Harboring Plasmid pP32BP2, Identified in Arctic Psychrophilic Bacterium Psychrobacter sp. DAB_AL32B" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 8: 2015. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20082015

Find Other Styles

Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Abstract views Pdf views Html views

Article Menu

Benefits and Drawbacks of Harboring Plasmid pP32BP2, Identified in Arctic Psychrophilic Bacterium Psychrobacter sp. DAB_AL32B

Abstract

Supplementary Material

Share and Cite

Article Metrics

Article Access Statistics

Article Access Map by Country/Region

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI