DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest?
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(5), 1073; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051073
Received: 18 January 2019 / Revised: 18 February 2019 / Accepted: 26 February 2019 / Published: 1 March 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue DNA Replication Stress)
DNA is an entity shielded by mechanisms that maintain genomic stability and are essential for living cells; however, DNA is constantly subject to assaults from the environment throughout the cellular life span, making the genome susceptible to mutation and irreparable damage. Cells are prepared to mend such events through cell death as an extrema ratio to solve those threats from a multicellular perspective. However, in cells under various stress conditions, checkpoint mechanisms are activated to allow cells to have enough time to repair the damaged DNA. In yeast, entry into the cell cycle when damage is not completely repaired represents an adaptive mechanism to cope with stressful conditions. In multicellular organisms, entry into cell cycle with damaged DNA is strictly forbidden. However, in cancer development, individual cells undergo checkpoint adaptation, in which most cells die, but some survive acquiring advantageous mutations and selfishly evolve a conflictual behavior. In this review, we focus on how, in cancer development, cells rely on checkpoint adaptation to escape DNA stress and ultimately to cell death.
View Full-Text
Keywords:
cell cycle checkpoints; genomic instability; G2-arrest; cell death; repair of DNA damage; adaptation
▼
Show Figures
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Verma, N.; Franchitto, M.; Zonfrilli, A.; Cialfi, S.; Palermo, R.; Talora, C. DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest? Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 1073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051073
AMA Style
Verma N, Franchitto M, Zonfrilli A, Cialfi S, Palermo R, Talora C. DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest? International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(5):1073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051073
Chicago/Turabian StyleVerma, Nagendra; Franchitto, Matteo; Zonfrilli, Azzurra; Cialfi, Samantha; Palermo, Rocco; Talora, Claudio. 2019. "DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest?" Int. J. Mol. Sci. 20, no. 5: 1073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051073
Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
Search more from Scilit