Cannabidiol—from Plant to Human Body: A Promising Bioactive Molecule with Multi-Target Effects in Cancer
by
Brigitta Kis 1,2
, 
Feng Chen Ifrim 3,*, Valentina Buda 4,*, Stefana Avram 1, Ioana Zinuca Pavel 1, Diana Antal 5, Virgil Paunescu 2,6, Cristina Adriana Dehelean 7, Florina Ardelean 5, Zorita Diaconeasa 8, Codruta Soica 9 and Corina Danciu 1
Brigitta Kis 1,2, Feng Chen Ifrim 3,*, Valentina Buda 4,*, Stefana Avram 1, Ioana Zinuca Pavel 1, Diana Antal 5, Virgil Paunescu 2,6, Cristina Adriana Dehelean 7, Florina Ardelean 5, Zorita Diaconeasa 8, Codruta Soica 9 and Corina Danciu 1
1
Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeş“, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
2
Centre for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer- OncoGen, Clinical County Hospital of Timişoara, Liviu Rebreanu Blvd. 156, 300736 Timişoara, Romania
3
Department of Marketing, medical technology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
4
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
5
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeş“, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
6
Department of Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
7
Department of Toxicology, “Victor Babeş“University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
8
Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Manastur, 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
9
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeş“, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(23), 5905; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20235905
Received: 24 October 2019 / Revised: 21 November 2019 / Accepted: 22 November 2019 / Published: 25 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Endocannabinoid System in Health and Disease: Current Situation and Future Perspectives)
Cannabis sativa L. is a plant long used for its textile fibers, seed oil, and oleoresin with medicinal and psychoactive properties. It is the main source of phytocannabinoids, with over 100 compounds detected so far. In recent years, a lot of attention has been given to the main phytochemicals present in Cannabis sativa L., namely, cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Compared to THC, CBD has non-psychoactive effects, an advantage for clinical applications of anti-tumor benefits. The review is designed to provide an update regarding the multi-target effects of CBD in different types of cancer. The main focus is on the latest in vitro and in vivo studies that present data regarding the anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, cytotoxic, anti-invasive, anti-antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties of CBD together with their mechanisms of action. The latest clinical evidence of the anticancer effects of CBD is also outlined. Moreover, the main aspects of the pharmacological and toxicological profiles are given.
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Keywords:
cannabidiol; pharmacological and toxicological profile; breast cancer; prostate cancer; glioma; colon cancer; lung cancer; brain cancer; melanoma; immunomodulatory effects; clinical evidence
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MDPI and ACS Style
Kis, B.; Ifrim, F.C.; Buda, V.; Avram, S.; Pavel, I.Z.; Antal, D.; Paunescu, V.; Dehelean, C.A.; Ardelean, F.; Diaconeasa, Z.; Soica, C.; Danciu, C. Cannabidiol—from Plant to Human Body: A Promising Bioactive Molecule with Multi-Target Effects in Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 5905.
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