The Endocannabinoid System in Pediatric Inflammatory and Immune Diseases
by
Maura Argenziano 1, Chiara Tortora 2, Giulia Bellini 1, Alessandra Di Paola 1, Francesca Punzo 1 and Francesca Rossi 2,*
Maura Argenziano 1, Chiara Tortora 2, Giulia Bellini 1, Alessandra Di Paola 1, Francesca Punzo 1 and Francesca Rossi 2,*
1
Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
2
Department of Women, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(23), 5875; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20235875
Received: 2 October 2019 / Revised: 19 November 2019 / Accepted: 20 November 2019 / Published: 23 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Endocannabinoid System in Health and Disease: Current Situation and Future Perspectives)
Endocannabinoid system consists of cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) and cannabinoid type 2 (CB2) receptors, their endogenous ligands, and the enzymes responsible for their synthesis and degradation. CB2, to a great extent, and CB1, to a lesser extent, are involved in regulating the immune response. They also regulate the inflammatory processes by inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediator release and immune cell proliferation. This review provides an overview on the role of the endocannabinoid system with a major focus on cannabinoid receptors in the pathogenesis and onset of inflammatory and autoimmune pediatric diseases, such as immune thrombocytopenia, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, obesity, neuroinflammatory diseases, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. These disorders have a high social impact and represent a burden for the healthcare system, hence the importance of individuating more innovative and effective treatments. The endocannabinoid system could address this need, representing a possible new diagnostic marker and therapeutic target.
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Argenziano, M.; Tortora, C.; Bellini, G.; Di Paola, A.; Punzo, F.; Rossi, F. The Endocannabinoid System in Pediatric Inflammatory and Immune Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 5875.
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