Identification of Oxidative Stress in Red Blood Cells with Nanoscale Chemical Resolution by Infrared Nanospectroscopy

Ruggeri, Francesco S.; Marcott, Curtis; Dinarelli, Simone; Longo, Giovanni; Girasole, Marco; Dietler, Giovanni; Knowles, Tuomas P. J.

doi:10.3390/ijms19092582

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Identification of Oxidative Stress in Red Blood Cells with Nanoscale Chemical Resolution by Infrared Nanospectroscopy

^1,*

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Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB21EW, UK

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA

Light Light Solutions, Athens, GA 30608, USA

⁴

Institute of Structural Matter, ISM-CNR, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy

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Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Vivante, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

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Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(9), 2582; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092582

Received: 18 July 2018 / Revised: 23 August 2018 / Accepted: 27 August 2018 / Published: 30 August 2018

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atomic Force Microscopy for Biological Applications)

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Abstract

During their lifespan, Red blood cells (RBC), due to their inability to self-replicate, undergo an ageing degradation phenomenon. This pathway, both in vitro and in vivo, consists of a series of chemical and morphological modifications, which include deviation from the biconcave cellular shape, oxidative stress, membrane peroxidation, lipid content decrease and uncoupling of the membrane-skeleton from the lipid bilayer. Here, we use the capabilities of atomic force microscopy based infrared nanospectroscopy (AFM-IR) to study and correlate, with nanoscale resolution, the morphological and chemical modifications that occur during the natural degradation of RBCs at the subcellular level. By using the tip of an AFM to detect the photothermal expansion of RBCs, it is possible to obtain nearly two orders of magnitude higher spatial resolution IR spectra, and absorbance images than can be obtained on diffraction-limited commercial Fourier-transform Infrared (FT-IR) microscopes. Using this approach, we demonstrate that we can identify localized sites of oxidative stress and membrane peroxidation on individual RBC, before the occurrence of neat morphological changes in the cellular shape. View Full-Text

Keywords: red blood cells; infrared nanospectroscopy; atomic force microscopy; oxidative stress; membrane peroxidation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ruggeri, F.S.; Marcott, C.; Dinarelli, S.; Longo, G.; Girasole, M.; Dietler, G.; Knowles, T.P.J. Identification of Oxidative Stress in Red Blood Cells with Nanoscale Chemical Resolution by Infrared Nanospectroscopy. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 2582. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092582

AMA Style

Ruggeri FS, Marcott C, Dinarelli S, Longo G, Girasole M, Dietler G, Knowles TPJ. Identification of Oxidative Stress in Red Blood Cells with Nanoscale Chemical Resolution by Infrared Nanospectroscopy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(9):2582. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092582

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruggeri, Francesco S., Curtis Marcott, Simone Dinarelli, Giovanni Longo, Marco Girasole, Giovanni Dietler, and Tuomas P.J. Knowles. 2018. "Identification of Oxidative Stress in Red Blood Cells with Nanoscale Chemical Resolution by Infrared Nanospectroscopy" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 9: 2582. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092582

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Identification of Oxidative Stress in Red Blood Cells with Nanoscale Chemical Resolution by Infrared Nanospectroscopy

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