A Molecular Interpretation on the Different Penetration Enhancement Effect of Borneol and Menthol towards 5-Fluorouracil
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. In Vitro Permeation Studies on the Enahncement of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) Permeation by Borneol and Menthol
2.2. Effects of Borneol and Menthol on Stratum Corneum (SC) Morphology Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
2.3. Effects of Borneol and Menthol on SC Morphology Using CG MD
2.4. The Effects of Borneol and Menthol on 5-FU Diffusion Using CG MD
2.5. A Molecular Explanation of the Partitioning of 5-FU from the Aqueous Region into the Hydrocarbon Interior of SC Lipids
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. In Vitro Permeation Studies
3.1.1. Materials and Reagents
3.1.2. Preparation of Samples
3.1.3. Preparation of Skin Samples
3.1.4. Skin Permeation Assays
3.1.5. Instrumentation and Chromatographic Conditions
3.1.6. Transmission Electron Microscope Studies
3.1.7. Important Parameters
3.2. CG MD Simulation
3.2.1. CG Molecular Models and Initial Structures
3.2.2. Simulation Details
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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PE Concentration | Borneol | Menthol | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
J (µg/cm3·h) | Q24 (µg/cm3) | ER | J (µg/cm3·h) | Q24 (µg/cm3) | ER | |
0.00% | 0.82 | 20.45 | 1.00 | - | - | - |
0.10% | 5.48 | 134.07 | 6.69 | 1.41 | 31.45 | 1.72 |
0.20% | 6.40 | 160.36 | 7.80 | 2.13 | 46.95 | 2.60 |
0.30% | 7.23 | 182.76 | 8.82 | 3.87 | 90.25 | 4.72 |
0.50% | 12.51 | 299.43 | 15.26 | 3.85 | 96.94 | 4.70 |
1.00% | 13.58 | 325.50 | 16.57 | 4.51 | 107.91 | 5.50 |
2.00% | 14.19 | 342.11 | 17.31 | 4.05 | 96.71 | 4.94 |
3.00% | 14.89 | 363.18 | 18.16 | 3.72 | 90.70 | 4.53 |
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Wang, R.; Wu, Z.; Yang, S.; Guo, S.; Dai, X.; Qiao, Y.; Shi, X. A Molecular Interpretation on the Different Penetration Enhancement Effect of Borneol and Menthol towards 5-Fluorouracil. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 2747. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18122747
Wang R, Wu Z, Yang S, Guo S, Dai X, Qiao Y, Shi X. A Molecular Interpretation on the Different Penetration Enhancement Effect of Borneol and Menthol towards 5-Fluorouracil. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18(12):2747. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18122747
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Ran, Zhimin Wu, Shufang Yang, Shujuan Guo, Xingxing Dai, Yanjiang Qiao, and Xinyuan Shi. 2017. "A Molecular Interpretation on the Different Penetration Enhancement Effect of Borneol and Menthol towards 5-Fluorouracil" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18, no. 12: 2747. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18122747