Human Saliva Collection Devices for Proteomics: An Update
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Human Salivary Proteomics
- Non-invasive
- Simple collection protocols
- Non-infectious sample
- Easily disposal
- Easily transportable
- Cost effective
- Not subject to cultural and religious “taboos”
- Safe and effective
- Higher patient compliance.
3. Human Saliva Collection Devices
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Type of Whole Mouth Fluid | Method of Collection and Type of Collection Device | References |
---|---|---|
Whole Saliva (WS) | Patients should refrain from eating, drinking, and oral hygiene procedures for at least 1 h before saliva collection. (Optimum collection time is 8–10 a.m.). Before collection perform a 1 min oral rinse with distilled water and then after 5 min collect ~5 mL of saliva. Collected sample must be processed in the laboratory within 1 h. | [44] |
Unstimulated Whole Saliva (USWS) | Passive drooling: In this method restrict oral movement and drain saliva from the lower lip into a plastic vial. | [45] |
Spitting method: Instruct subject to spit into a collection vial. In this method 14 times more bacterial contamination is introduced into the sample. | ||
Stimulated Whole Saliva (SWS) | For the stimulation of glands, chewing different things like natural gum, a piece of paraffin wax, citric acids, and powdered drink crystals have been used. | [46,47] |
Parotid Gland | Method introduced by Carlson and Crittenden (1910). In this method a double chambered metallic cup with two outlet tubes is used. One end holds the cup in place using vacuum suction. The second half acts as a collection vehicle for saliva. Specimen collection can be enhanced by smearing citric acid (10%; 1 mL) on the dorsum of tongue every 30 s. Discard the first 1.5 mL of saliva prior to sample collection. | [48] |
Submandibular/Sublingual Gland | Truelove, Bixler, and Merrit (1967) used a “V”-shaped collector. This method is similar to that for parotid gland collection, but in this case the initial 2 mL is discarded. | [49] |
Minor Glands | Kutscher et al. (1967) used capillary tubes for collecting saliva from minor glands located at the everted surface of the lower lips. | [50] |
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Khurshid, Z.; Zohaib, S.; Najeeb, S.; Zafar, M.S.; Slowey, P.D.; Almas, K. Human Saliva Collection Devices for Proteomics: An Update. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17, 846. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17060846
Khurshid Z, Zohaib S, Najeeb S, Zafar MS, Slowey PD, Almas K. Human Saliva Collection Devices for Proteomics: An Update. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2016; 17(6):846. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17060846
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhurshid, Zohaib, Sana Zohaib, Shariq Najeeb, Muhammad Sohail Zafar, Paul D. Slowey, and Khalid Almas. 2016. "Human Saliva Collection Devices for Proteomics: An Update" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17, no. 6: 846. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17060846