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Validation of PDE9A Gene Identified in GWAS Showing Strong Association with Milk Production Traits in Chinese Holstein

College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Academic Editor: Emil Alexov
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16(11), 26530-26542; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161125976
Received: 17 June 2015 / Revised: 24 July 2015 / Accepted: 18 August 2015 / Published: 5 November 2015
(This article belongs to the Section Biochemistry)
Phosphodiesterase9A (PDE9A) is a cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific enzyme widely expressed among the tissues, which is important in activating cGMP-dependent signaling pathways. In our previous genome-wide association study, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (BTA-55340-no-rsb) located in the intron 14 of PDE9A, was found to be significantly associated with protein yield. In addition, we found that PDE9A was highly expressed in mammary gland by analyzing its mRNA expression in different tissues. The objectives of this study were to identify genetic polymorphisms of PDE9A and to determine the effects of these variants on milk production traits in dairy cattle. DNA sequencing identified 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and six SNPs in 5′ regulatory region were genotyped to test for the subsequent association analyses. After Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, all these identified SNPs were statistically significant for one or more milk production traits (p < 0.0001~0.0077). Interestingly, haplotype-based association analysis revealed similar effects on milk production traits (p < 0.01). In follow-up RNA expression analyses, two SNPs (c.-1376 G>A, c.-724 A>G) were involved in the regulation of gene expression. Consequently, our findings provide confirmatory evidences for associations of PDE9A variants with milk production traits and these identified SNPs may serve as genetic markers to accelerate Chinese Holstein breeding program. View Full-Text
Keywords: dairy cattle; PDE9A; milk production traits; association analysis; GWAS; gene expression dairy cattle; PDE9A; milk production traits; association analysis; GWAS; gene expression
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MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, S.-H.; Bi, X.-J.; Xie, Y.; Li, C.; Zhang, S.-L.; Zhang, Q.; Sun, D.-X. Validation of PDE9A Gene Identified in GWAS Showing Strong Association with Milk Production Traits in Chinese Holstein. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 26530-26542. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161125976

AMA Style

Yang S-H, Bi X-J, Xie Y, Li C, Zhang S-L, Zhang Q, Sun D-X. Validation of PDE9A Gene Identified in GWAS Showing Strong Association with Milk Production Traits in Chinese Holstein. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015; 16(11):26530-26542. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161125976

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Shao-Hua, Xiao-Jun Bi, Yan Xie, Cong Li, Sheng-Li Zhang, Qin Zhang, and Dong-Xiao Sun. 2015. "Validation of PDE9A Gene Identified in GWAS Showing Strong Association with Milk Production Traits in Chinese Holstein" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16, no. 11: 26530-26542. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161125976

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