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Volume 16
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10.3390/ijms16010645
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Open AccessArticle

Morin, a Flavonoid from Moraceae, Induces Apoptosis by Induction of BAD Protein in Human Leukemic Cells

by
Cheol Park
1,
Won Sup Lee
2,*,
Se-Il Go
2,
Arulkumar Nagappan
2,
Min Ho Han
3,
Su Hyun Hong
3,
Gon Sup Kim
4,
Gi Young Kim
5,
Taeg Kyu Kwon
6,
Chung Ho Ryu
7,
Sung Chul Shin
8 and
Yung Hyun Choi
3,9,*
1
Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714, Korea
2
Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Korea
3
Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine, Busan 614-052, Korea
4
School of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
5
Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea
6
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, Korea
7
Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Program), Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
8
Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
9
Anti-Aging Research Center & Blue-Bio Industry RIC, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714, Korea
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Sanjay K. Srivastava
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16(1), 645-659; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16010645
Received: 12 November 2014 / Accepted: 11 December 2014 / Published: 30 December 2014
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Phytochemicals in Functional Foods for Cancer Prevention)
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Abstract

Evidence suggests that phytochemicals can safely modulate cancer cell biology and induce apoptosis. Here, we investigated the anti-cancer activity of morin, a flavone originally isolated from members of the Moraceae family in human leukemic cells, focusing on apoptosis. An anti-cancer effect of morin was screened with several human leukemic cell lines. U937 cells were most sensitive to morin, where it induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. It also induced loss of MMP (ΔΨm) along with cytochrome c release, down-regulated Bcl-2 protein, and up-regulated BAX proteins. The apoptotic activity of morin was significantly attenuated by Bcl-2 augmentation. In conclusion, morin induced caspase-dependent apoptosis through an intrinsic pathway by upregulating BAD proteins. In addition, Bcl-2 protein expression is also important in morin-induced apoptosis of U937 cells. This study provides evidence that morin might have anticancer properties in human leukemic cells. View Full-Text
Keywords: orin; apoptosis; BAD; Bcl-xL; leukemia orin; apoptosis; BAD; Bcl-xL; leukemia
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MDPI and ACS Style

Park, C.; Lee, W.S.; Go, S.-I.; Nagappan, A.; Han, M.H.; Hong, S.H.; Kim, G.S.; Kim, G.Y.; Kwon, T.K.; Ryu, C.H.; Shin, S.C.; Choi, Y.H. Morin, a Flavonoid from Moraceae, Induces Apoptosis by Induction of BAD Protein in Human Leukemic Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 645-659.

AMA Style

Park C, Lee WS, Go S-I, Nagappan A, Han MH, Hong SH, Kim GS, Kim GY, Kwon TK, Ryu CH, Shin SC, Choi YH. Morin, a Flavonoid from Moraceae, Induces Apoptosis by Induction of BAD Protein in Human Leukemic Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015; 16(1):645-659.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Park, Cheol; Lee, Won S.; Go, Se-Il; Nagappan, Arulkumar; Han, Min H.; Hong, Su H.; Kim, Gon S.; Kim, Gi Y.; Kwon, Taeg K.; Ryu, Chung H.; Shin, Sung C.; Choi, Yung H. 2015. "Morin, a Flavonoid from Moraceae, Induces Apoptosis by Induction of BAD Protein in Human Leukemic Cells" Int. J. Mol. Sci. 16, no. 1: 645-659.

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