Identification of Bacterial Community Composition in Freshwater Aquaculture System Farming of Litopenaeus vannamei Reveals Distinct Temperature-Driven Patterns
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. DGGE-Based Bacterial Population Profiles in the FASFL
Band | Clustering Group | Length (bp) | Closest Relative and Database Accession Number | Identity (%) | Taxonomic Description | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1 | III | 169 | Uncultured Rickettsiales bacterium clone FWB6C1-73, KF583165.1 | 100% | α-Proteobacteria | |
B2 | III | 174 | Uncultured Micrococcineae bacterium clone D7N78, KC006224.1 | 100% | Actinobacteria | |
B3 | III | 194 | Uncultured Methylophilus sp. clone JA127_2010-09-15, JN866934.1 | 100% | β-Proteobacteria | |
169 | Sphingomonas oligophenolica strain R2A-AUG-EA-11, JX237432.1, KC836618.1 | 100% | α-Proteobacteria | |||
B4 | I | 194 | Pediococcus ethanolidurans strain RU12-4 | 100% | Firmicutes | |
B5 | I | 189 | Uncultured Bacteroidetes bacterium, FR647662.1 | 100% | Bacteroidetes | |
189 | Uncultured Cryomorphaceae bacterium clone Jab PL2W2H12, HM486317.1 | 100% | Bacteroidetes | |||
B6 | I | 174 | Actinobacterium MS-B-64, FJ460153.1 | 100% | Actinobacteria | |
B7 | I | 189 | Uncultured Bacteroidetes bacterium clone XSLJ052, KC246401.1 | 100% | Bacteroidetes | |
B8 | I | 174 | Uncultured actinobacterium clone FF1G3, EU117678.1 | 100% | Actinobacteria | |
174 | Uncultured actinobacterium clone B12-88, JN371245.1 | 100% | Actinobacteria | |||
174 | Actinobacterium SCGC AAA043-A09, HQ663377.1 | 100% | Actinobacteria | |||
B9 | I | 174 | Uncultured Micrococcineae bacterium clone D7N78, KC006224.1 | 100% | Actinobacteria | |
B10 | II | 174 | Uncultured Intrasporangiaceae bacterium clone M7N57, KC006381.1 | 100% | Actinobacteria |
2.2. Environmental Temperature and Bacterial Population in the FASFL
2.3. Overall Bacterial Community Composition in the FASFL
2.3.1. Bacterial Richness and Diversity
2.3.2. Bacterial Community Composition
2.3.3. Potential Pathogenic Bacteria
Bacterial Pathogen a | Disease | Source | RAS (%) b | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Environment | Main Hosts | WHT | WLT | ||
Aeromonas hydrophila | Motile aeromonads septicaemia, cholangitis | Freshwater, brackish water, biosolid | Catfish, carp, trout, eel, sturgeon, tilapia, bass | 0.0109 | 0.0054 |
Aeromonas caviae | Speticaemia, gastroenteritis, cholangitis | Freshwater, brackish water, soil, biosolid, agricultural products, | Fish, shrimp, frog, soft-shelled turtle | 0.0054 | 0 |
Aeromonas veronii | Speticaemia, gastroenteritis, cholangitis | Freshwater, biosolid | Human, mosquitos, leeches | 0 | 0.0054 |
Bacillus anthracis | Anthrax | Natural and processed water sources, sewage, biosolid | Human | 0.0054 | 0.0054 |
Flavobacterium johnsoniae | False columnaris | Natural water sources, fish cultures | Barramundi | 0 | 0.0054 |
Mycobacterium avium | Mycobacterium avium complex | Natural water sources, soil, biosolid | Human, farm animals, birds | 0.0054 | 0 |
Mycobacterium fortuitum | Osteomyelitis | River, lake, tap water, soil, dust, biosolid | Human, cattle, frog, other animals | 0.0217 | 0.0163 |
Mycobacterium marinum | Mycobacteriosis | Natural water sources, fish cultures | Atlantic salmo, Seabass, turbot | 0.0054 | 0 |
Serratia marcescens | Conjunctivitis, keratitis, endophthalmitis, tear duct infections | Natural water sources, soil, biosolid | Human, plants, animals | 0 | 0.0109 |
Pseudomonas anguilliseptica | Pseudomonadiasis, Winter disease | Natural water sources, fish cultures | Human, seabream, eel, turbot, ayu | 0.0163 | 0.0109 |
Vibrio cholerae | Vibriosis | Natural water sources, fish cultures, biosolid | Human, croaker fish, puffer fish, grouper, cod, shrimp, big-scale sand smelt, flounder, abalone, seabream, salmon, sweetfish, sheatfish, catfish | 0 | 0.0054 |
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Sample Collection and Bacterial Genomic DNA Extraction
3.2. PCR-DGGE and Data Analysis
3.3. Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis
3.4. Pyrosequencing and Data Analysis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Files
Supplementary File 1Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Tang, Y.; Tao, P.; Tan, J.; Mu, H.; Peng, L.; Yang, D.; Tong, S.; Chen, L. Identification of Bacterial Community Composition in Freshwater Aquaculture System Farming of Litopenaeus vannamei Reveals Distinct Temperature-Driven Patterns. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2014, 15, 13663-13680. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms150813663
Tang Y, Tao P, Tan J, Mu H, Peng L, Yang D, Tong S, Chen L. Identification of Bacterial Community Composition in Freshwater Aquaculture System Farming of Litopenaeus vannamei Reveals Distinct Temperature-Driven Patterns. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2014; 15(8):13663-13680. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms150813663
Chicago/Turabian StyleTang, Yuyi, Peiying Tao, Jianguo Tan, Haizhen Mu, Li Peng, Dandan Yang, Shilu Tong, and Lanming Chen. 2014. "Identification of Bacterial Community Composition in Freshwater Aquaculture System Farming of Litopenaeus vannamei Reveals Distinct Temperature-Driven Patterns" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 15, no. 8: 13663-13680. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms150813663