An Advanced Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Spin-Trapping and LC/(ESR)/MS Technique for the Study of Lipid Peroxidation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. History of the ESR Spin-Trapping Technique
3. Development of the Combined ESR Spin-Trapping and LC/ESR/MS Technique
4. Refined Combination of ESR Spin-Trapping and LC/MS Technique in Radical Characterization in in vitro (cell-free) COX-Catalyzed AA and DGLA Peroxidation
5. Most Recent Update of ESR Spin-Trapping and LC/MS Protocol in Characterization of Free Radicals Formed from Cellular COX-Catalyzed AA and DGLA Peroxidation
6. Direct Assessment of the Association between Radical Production and Cell Growth Response
7. Summary
Acknowledgements
- Conflict of InterestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.
Abbreviations
AA | arachidonic acid |
COX | cyclooxygenase |
DGLA | dihomo-γ-linolenic acid |
DHA | docosahexaenoic acid |
DMPO | 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide |
DPA | docosapentaenoic acid |
EIC | extracted ion current |
EPA | eicosapentaenoic acid |
ESR | electron spin resonance |
HOAc | acetic acid |
HPLC (LC) | high performance liquid chromatography |
LA | linoleic acid |
LNA | linolenic acid |
LOX | lipoxygenase |
MS | mass spectrometry |
MNP | 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane |
NMR | nuclear magnetic resonance |
PBN | σ-phenyl-tert-butylnitrone |
POBN | σ-[4-pyridyl-1-oxide]-N-tert-butylnitrone |
PG | prostaglandin |
PUFAs | polyunsaturated fatty acids |
THF | tetrahydrofuran |
TMPO | 3,3,5,5-tetramethylpyrroline-N-oxide |
tR | retention time |
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Cells (HCA-7 Colony 29) Cultured with | Cell G2 Arrest | Cell Proliferation | |
---|---|---|---|
% in G2 Phase | % Viability | ||
8 h | 24 h | 48 h | |
Control a | 29.7 ± 2.3 | 28.6 ± 1.6 | 100 |
AA(100 μM) | 27.9 ± 1.9 | 30.5 ± 2.1 | 112.1 ± 3.9 |
DGLA(100 μM) | 41.3 b ± 2.5 | 31.4 ± 2.0 | 109.1 ± 5.7 |
DGLA with 5.0 μM of CP | 42.4 b ± 1.8 | 35.3 b ± 0.9 | 98.3 c ± 5.0 |
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Xu, Y.; Gu, Y.; Qian, S.Y. An Advanced Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Spin-Trapping and LC/(ESR)/MS Technique for the Study of Lipid Peroxidation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 14648-14666. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131114648
Xu Y, Gu Y, Qian SY. An Advanced Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Spin-Trapping and LC/(ESR)/MS Technique for the Study of Lipid Peroxidation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(11):14648-14666. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131114648
Chicago/Turabian StyleXu, Yi, Yan Gu, and Steven Y. Qian. 2012. "An Advanced Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Spin-Trapping and LC/(ESR)/MS Technique for the Study of Lipid Peroxidation" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13, no. 11: 14648-14666. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131114648