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Molecules
Volume 31
Issue 11
10.3390/molecules31111974
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Mechanism Through Which Antioxidant Polysaccharide from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Protects Against DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis: Insights from Multi-Omics

by
Ling Zhang
1,†,
Wei Xu
1,†,
Xinyu Liao
2,
Guoqi Yuan
3,
Chen Jin
1,
Huan Xiao
4,
Huabin Liu
2,
Zhitong Jin
2,
Yaqiong Deng
1,2,* and
Yang Liu
1,2,3,*
1
School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
2
School of Pharmacy, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330052, China
3
Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
4
Jiangxi Provincial Administration of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory for Anti-inflammatory Chinese Medicine Efficacy and Quality Control, Nanchang 330052, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Molecules 2026, 31(11), 1974; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31111974 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 11 April 2026 / Revised: 30 May 2026 / Accepted: 3 June 2026 / Published: 5 June 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds as Modulators of Antioxidant Activity and Inflammatory Processes in Related Diseases)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Tetrastigma hemsleyanum polysaccharide (TH-P) exhibited anti-inflammatory and intestinal protective activities, but its mechanism against ulcerative colitis (UC) remained unclear. This study used a multi-omics approach to elucidate the effects of TH-P in protecting against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mice and the underlying mechanisms. In vitro, TH-P dose-dependently suppressed LPS-induced ROS production and pro-inflammatory cytokine release in RAW264.7 cells. In vivo, TH-P alleviated DSS-induced weight loss, disease activity index, colon shortening, edema, and mucosal damage. Transcriptomic analysis and Western blotting revealed that TH-P significantly reversed DSS-induced gene expression alterations, with particular enrichment of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Serum metabolomics showed that TH-P restored metabolic disturbances in glycerophospholipid and arachidonic acid metabolism. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that TH-P increased microbial diversity, enriched beneficial Bacteroidota, and reduced opportunistic Actinomycetota and Pseudomonadota. Untargeted metabolomics further demonstrated elevated acetate, propionate, and butyrate levels. Collectively, TH-P alleviated UC through a multi-target mechanism involving antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, gut microbiota modulation, enhanced SCFA production, and activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Keywords: Tetrastigma hemsleyanum polysaccharide; ulcerative colitis; gut microbiota; PI3K/AKT signaling pathway Tetrastigma hemsleyanum polysaccharide; ulcerative colitis; gut microbiota; PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Zhang, L.; Xu, W.; Liao, X.; Yuan, G.; Jin, C.; Xiao, H.; Liu, H.; Jin, Z.; Deng, Y.; Liu, Y. Mechanism Through Which Antioxidant Polysaccharide from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Protects Against DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis: Insights from Multi-Omics. Molecules 2026, 31, 1974. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31111974

AMA Style

Zhang L, Xu W, Liao X, Yuan G, Jin C, Xiao H, Liu H, Jin Z, Deng Y, Liu Y. Mechanism Through Which Antioxidant Polysaccharide from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Protects Against DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis: Insights from Multi-Omics. Molecules. 2026; 31(11):1974. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31111974

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhang, Ling, Wei Xu, Xinyu Liao, Guoqi Yuan, Chen Jin, Huan Xiao, Huabin Liu, Zhitong Jin, Yaqiong Deng, and Yang Liu. 2026. "Mechanism Through Which Antioxidant Polysaccharide from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Protects Against DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis: Insights from Multi-Omics" Molecules 31, no. 11: 1974. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31111974

APA Style

Zhang, L., Xu, W., Liao, X., Yuan, G., Jin, C., Xiao, H., Liu, H., Jin, Z., Deng, Y., & Liu, Y. (2026). Mechanism Through Which Antioxidant Polysaccharide from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Protects Against DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis: Insights from Multi-Omics. Molecules, 31(11), 1974. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31111974

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