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Molecules
Volume 30
Issue 23
10.3390/molecules30234564
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Retraction of Molecules 2023, 28(6), 2849.
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Retraction

RETRACTED: Kola-Mustapha et al. Network Pharmacology and Molecular Modeling to Elucidate the Potential Mechanism of Neem Oil against Acne vulgaris. Molecules 2023, 28, 2849

by
Adeola Tawakalitu Kola-Mustapha
1,2,
Muhabat Adeola Raji
3,
Oluwakorede Adedeji
2 and
George Oche Ambrose
4,*
1
College of Pharmacy, Alfaisal University Riyadh, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin 240101, Nigeria
3
Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
4
University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin 240101, Nigeria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2025, 30(23), 4564; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30234564
Submission received: 11 November 2025 / Accepted: 13 November 2025 / Published: 27 November 2025
Versions Notes
The Journal retracts the article titled “Network Pharmacology and Molecular Modeling to Elucidate the Potential Mechanism of Neem Oil against Acne vulgaris” [1], cited above.
Following publication, concerns were brought to the attention of the Editorial Office regarding major errors in compound identification [1]. Adhering to our standard procedure, an investigation was conducted by the Editorial Office and Editorial Board, which included an evaluation of the paper’s scientific content and findings. Despite full cooperation from the authors and their explanation that the errors arose from specific analytical issues in the dataset, the Editorial Board could not verify the reliability of the main results and conclusions based on the submitted materials and analysis.
As a result, the Editorial Board decided to retract this article as per MDPI’s retraction policy (https://www.mdpi.com/ethics#_bookmark30).
This retraction was approved by the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal Molecules.
The authors agreed on this decision.

Reference

  1. Kola-Mustapha, A.T.; Raji, M.A.; Adedeji, O.; Ambrose, G.O. RETRACTED: Network Pharmacology and Molecular Modeling to Elucidate the Potential Mechanism of Neem Oil against Acne vulgaris. Molecules 2023, 28, 2849. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Kola-Mustapha, A.T.; Raji, M.A.; Adedeji, O.; Ambrose, G.O. RETRACTED: Kola-Mustapha et al. Network Pharmacology and Molecular Modeling to Elucidate the Potential Mechanism of Neem Oil against Acne vulgaris. Molecules 2023, 28, 2849. Molecules 2025, 30, 4564. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30234564

AMA Style

Kola-Mustapha AT, Raji MA, Adedeji O, Ambrose GO. RETRACTED: Kola-Mustapha et al. Network Pharmacology and Molecular Modeling to Elucidate the Potential Mechanism of Neem Oil against Acne vulgaris. Molecules 2023, 28, 2849. Molecules. 2025; 30(23):4564. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30234564

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kola-Mustapha, Adeola Tawakalitu, Muhabat Adeola Raji, Oluwakorede Adedeji, and George Oche Ambrose. 2025. "RETRACTED: Kola-Mustapha et al. Network Pharmacology and Molecular Modeling to Elucidate the Potential Mechanism of Neem Oil against Acne vulgaris. Molecules 2023, 28, 2849" Molecules 30, no. 23: 4564. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30234564

APA Style

Kola-Mustapha, A. T., Raji, M. A., Adedeji, O., & Ambrose, G. O. (2025). RETRACTED: Kola-Mustapha et al. Network Pharmacology and Molecular Modeling to Elucidate the Potential Mechanism of Neem Oil against Acne vulgaris. Molecules 2023, 28, 2849. Molecules, 30(23), 4564. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30234564

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