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Article

Racemosol Derivatives and Other Metabolites from Bauhinia malabarica Bark with Antibacterial Activity

by
Wanchat Sirisarn
1,
Apisara Somteds
2,
Supachai Jadsadajerm
2,
Sutin Kaennakam
3,
Nuttapon Yodsin
4 and
Awat Wisetsai
2,*
1
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
2
Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
3
Department of Agro-Industrial, Food, and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok 10800, Thailand
4
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom 73000, Thailand
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2025, 30(21), 4308; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30214308
Submission received: 6 October 2025 / Revised: 22 October 2025 / Accepted: 4 November 2025 / Published: 5 November 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phytochemicals and Bioactivity: Advances in Natural Product Chemistry and Applications)
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Abstract

Racemosol, a natural phenolic compound, is known for its antimicrobial potential, yet experimental studies remain limited. In this study, two new racemosol derivatives (4 and 5) and four known compounds (1–3, 6) were isolated from the bark of Bauhinia malabarica and structurally elucidated using spectroscopic analyses. Most of isolated compounds exhibited notable activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Listeria monocytogenes, while showing limited effects on Gram-negative strains. Racemosol (1) and its derivatives (2, 4, and 6) displayed potent antibacterial activity with MIC values of 0.156–0.625 µg/µL and bactericidal properties confirmed by comparable MBCs. Compound 6 exhibited the highest potency, indicating that specific structural modifications enhance activity. These findings provide new insights into the structure activity relationships of racemosol derivatives and highlight B. malabarica as a promising natural source of phenolic antibacterial agents.
Keywords: Bauhinia malabarica; racemosol derivatives; phenolic compounds; antimicrobial activity; Gram-positive bacteria Bauhinia malabarica; racemosol derivatives; phenolic compounds; antimicrobial activity; Gram-positive bacteria
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MDPI and ACS Style

Sirisarn, W.; Somteds, A.; Jadsadajerm, S.; Kaennakam, S.; Yodsin, N.; Wisetsai, A. Racemosol Derivatives and Other Metabolites from Bauhinia malabarica Bark with Antibacterial Activity. Molecules 2025, 30, 4308. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30214308

AMA Style

Sirisarn W, Somteds A, Jadsadajerm S, Kaennakam S, Yodsin N, Wisetsai A. Racemosol Derivatives and Other Metabolites from Bauhinia malabarica Bark with Antibacterial Activity. Molecules. 2025; 30(21):4308. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30214308

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sirisarn, Wanchat, Apisara Somteds, Supachai Jadsadajerm, Sutin Kaennakam, Nuttapon Yodsin, and Awat Wisetsai. 2025. "Racemosol Derivatives and Other Metabolites from Bauhinia malabarica Bark with Antibacterial Activity" Molecules 30, no. 21: 4308. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30214308

APA Style

Sirisarn, W., Somteds, A., Jadsadajerm, S., Kaennakam, S., Yodsin, N., & Wisetsai, A. (2025). Racemosol Derivatives and Other Metabolites from Bauhinia malabarica Bark with Antibacterial Activity. Molecules, 30(21), 4308. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30214308

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