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Volume 29
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10.3390/molecules29194695
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Review

Bioactive Potential of Algae and Algae-Derived Compounds: Focus on Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Effects

by
Maima Matin
1,
Magdalena Koszarska
1,
Atanas G. Atanasov
1,2,
Karolina Król-Szmajda
1,
Artur Jóźwik
1,
Adrian Stelmasiak
3 and
Monika Hejna
1,*
1
Department of Biotechnology and Nutrigenomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
2
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
3
Department of Technique and Food Development, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, University of Life Sciences of Warsaw, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2024, 29(19), 4695; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29194695
Submission received: 8 August 2024 / Revised: 30 September 2024 / Accepted: 1 October 2024 / Published: 3 October 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Bioactives for Human Health)
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Abstract

Algae, both micro- and macroalgae, are recognized for their rich repository of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic applications. These marine organisms produce a variety of secondary metabolites that exhibit significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, offering promising avenues for the development of new drugs and nutraceuticals. Algae-derived compounds, including polyphenols, carotenoids, lipids, and polysaccharides, have demonstrated efficacy in modulating key inflammatory pathways, reducing oxidative stress, and inhibiting microbial growth. At the molecular level, these compounds influence macrophage activity, suppress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and regulate apoptotic processes. Studies have shown that algae extracts can inhibit inflammatory signaling pathways such as NF-κB and MAPK, reduce oxidative damage by activating Nrf2, and offer an alternative to traditional antibiotics by combatting bacterial infections. Furthermore, algae’s therapeutic potential extends to addressing diseases such as cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, and cancer, with ongoing research exploring their efficacy in preclinical animal models. The pig model, due to its physiological similarities to humans, is highlighted as particularly suitable for validating the bioactivities of algal compounds in vivo. This review underscores the need for further investigation into the specific mechanisms of action and clinical applications of algae-derived biomolecules.
Keywords: anti-inflammatory; antioxidant; antimicrobial; micro and macroalgae; bioactive compounds; therapeutic applications anti-inflammatory; antioxidant; antimicrobial; micro and macroalgae; bioactive compounds; therapeutic applications

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MDPI and ACS Style

Matin, M.; Koszarska, M.; Atanasov, A.G.; Król-Szmajda, K.; Jóźwik, A.; Stelmasiak, A.; Hejna, M. Bioactive Potential of Algae and Algae-Derived Compounds: Focus on Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Effects. Molecules 2024, 29, 4695. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29194695

AMA Style

Matin M, Koszarska M, Atanasov AG, Król-Szmajda K, Jóźwik A, Stelmasiak A, Hejna M. Bioactive Potential of Algae and Algae-Derived Compounds: Focus on Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Effects. Molecules. 2024; 29(19):4695. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29194695

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matin, Maima, Magdalena Koszarska, Atanas G. Atanasov, Karolina Król-Szmajda, Artur Jóźwik, Adrian Stelmasiak, and Monika Hejna. 2024. "Bioactive Potential of Algae and Algae-Derived Compounds: Focus on Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Effects" Molecules 29, no. 19: 4695. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29194695

APA Style

Matin, M., Koszarska, M., Atanasov, A. G., Król-Szmajda, K., Jóźwik, A., Stelmasiak, A., & Hejna, M. (2024). Bioactive Potential of Algae and Algae-Derived Compounds: Focus on Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Effects. Molecules, 29(19), 4695. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29194695

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