Honey Quality Control: Review of Methodologies for Determining Entomological Origin
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Identification Methods of Entomological Origin of Honey
2.1. Protein Based Method
2.2. Physicochemical Properties and Bioactive Characterization of Honey to Determine Entomological Origin
2.3. Chemical Profiling to Authenticate Entomological Origin of Honey
2.4. DNA-Based Method
2.4.1. DNA Barcoding
2.4.2. Usage of Species-Specific Primers
2.4.3. Real-Time PCR-Based Methods
High-Resolution Melting Analysis
Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Technology
2.4.4. Length Polymorphism of PCR Product
2.4.5. DNA Metabarcoding Approach
3. Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Primer | Primr Sequence | Target Gene | Size of Amplicon (bp) | Method of Discrimination | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
COI-300F | GGATTTATTGTCTGAGCACATC | COI | 316 | DNA barcoding | Kek et al., [58] |
COI-300R | TTGCGAATACTGCTCCTATT | ||||
16S-300F | GGACGATAAGACCCTATAGAA | 16S rRNA | 296–307 | ||
16S-300R | TTGTTAAAAGTCGAACAGAC | ||||
AncientLepF2 | ATTRRWRATGATCAARTWTATAAT | COI | 120 | DNA metabarcoding | Prosser and Hebert, [61]. |
Apis238_R1 | TAATCAAAATCTAATATTATTTATTCG |
Primer | Primr Sequence | Target Species | Target Gene | Size of Amplicon (bp) | Method of Discrimination | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M2-F | CATCACTTGAATGATTAAATTTTTTACCA | A. mellifera | COI | 206 | Duplex PCR | Kim et al., [8] |
M2-R | TTATTTTTAAATTAATATGAATTAAGTGGGG | |||||
M5-F | CACTTGAATGATTAAATTTTTTACCACCT | A. mellifera | COI | 133 | ||
M5-R | CTTAAGTTCAATGCACTTATTCTGCC | |||||
C6-F | GGAGGGGGAGATCCAATTTA | A. cerana | COI | 178 | ||
C5-R | ACCTAATATTGCGTAAATTATACCTAGATTT | |||||
AC1-F | TCTGAATTCAAACTCAAAGTAAAA | A. cerana | tRNAleu-cox2 | 111 | PCR | Suares et al., [11] |
AC1-R | ATAATATGAGTTTGATTCTTGAAA | |||||
AM1-F | AGCTAATTAAAACAACAATACA | Both species | 16S rRNA | 140 | Melting curve analysis by Real-Time PCR | |
AM1-R | AAGGTAGTAAATGTTGAATCATT | |||||
C-F | TTTAACAATAAAAATAATCAGAAGA | A. cerana | MRJP2 | 212 | Duplex PCR | Zhang et al., [10] |
C-R | TTACATCCTAATTGATTTTAATGCG | |||||
M-F | GCCATCCCTTGAAATTGTCACTCGT | A. mellifera | MRJP2 | 560 | Melting curve analysis by Real-Time PCR | |
M-R | TCTGCAAACGACCAATCAGGATAT | |||||
AC-F | TCATTAGRTTTTACAAAATCWGATCA | A. cerana | NADH2 | 223 | Duplex PCR | Mohamadzade Namin et al., [63] |
AC-R | CTTATAACTAAATATGTTAATGATCATA | |||||
AM-F | CYATTAGATTTACTAAAACAGATACT | A. mellifera | NADH2 | 376 | Duplex PCR | |
AM-R | ATAATTAAATGAATATAAAATAATTATAGCA | |||||
AD-F | TATATTAATTGTTATAACTTACATAAATAA | A. dorsata | NADH2 | 301 | Duplex PCR | |
AD-R | GGATTAAGAATATATAATATTCATATTTT |
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Mohamadzade Namin, S.; Ghosh, S.; Jung, C. Honey Quality Control: Review of Methodologies for Determining Entomological Origin. Molecules 2023, 28, 4232. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104232
Mohamadzade Namin S, Ghosh S, Jung C. Honey Quality Control: Review of Methodologies for Determining Entomological Origin. Molecules. 2023; 28(10):4232. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104232
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamadzade Namin, Saeed, Sampat Ghosh, and Chuleui Jung. 2023. "Honey Quality Control: Review of Methodologies for Determining Entomological Origin" Molecules 28, no. 10: 4232. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104232