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Article

Accumulation Pattern of Flavonoids during Fruit Development of Lonicera maackii Determined by Metabolomics

by
Zengxing Qi
1,2,3,
Ran Zhao
1,2,3,
Jing Xu
1,2,3,
Yanrui Ge
1,2,3,
Ruofan Li
1,2,3 and
Ruili Li
1,2,3,*
1
National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
2
Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
3
The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2021, 26(22), 6913; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226913
Submission received: 14 October 2021 / Revised: 12 November 2021 / Accepted: 12 November 2021 / Published: 16 November 2021
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Abstract

Lonicera maackii (Caprifoliaceae) is a large, upright shrub with fruits that contain many bioactive compounds. Flavonoids are common active substances in L. maackii. However, there is a dearth of information about the accumulation of these flavonoids and their possible medicinal value. We used targeted metabolomics analysis based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to analyze five developmental stages of L. maackii fruit. A total of 438 metabolites were identified in the five developmental stages, including 81 flavonoids and derivatives. The 81 flavonoids included 25 flavones and derivatives, 35 flavonols and derivatives, two isoflavones, three cyanidins and derivatives, eight procyanidins, and eight flavanones. In addition, we outlined the putative flavonoid biosynthesis pathway and screened their upstream metabolites. More importantly, we analyzed the accumulation patterns of several typical flavones and flavonols. The results reported here improved our understanding of the dynamic changes in flavonoids during fruit development and contributed to making full use of the medicinal value of L. maackii fruit.
Keywords: Lonicera maackii; flavonoids; UPLC-MS/MS; targeted metabolomics analysis Lonicera maackii; flavonoids; UPLC-MS/MS; targeted metabolomics analysis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Qi, Z.; Zhao, R.; Xu, J.; Ge, Y.; Li, R.; Li, R. Accumulation Pattern of Flavonoids during Fruit Development of Lonicera maackii Determined by Metabolomics. Molecules 2021, 26, 6913. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226913

AMA Style

Qi Z, Zhao R, Xu J, Ge Y, Li R, Li R. Accumulation Pattern of Flavonoids during Fruit Development of Lonicera maackii Determined by Metabolomics. Molecules. 2021; 26(22):6913. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226913

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qi, Zengxing, Ran Zhao, Jing Xu, Yanrui Ge, Ruofan Li, and Ruili Li. 2021. "Accumulation Pattern of Flavonoids during Fruit Development of Lonicera maackii Determined by Metabolomics" Molecules 26, no. 22: 6913. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226913

APA Style

Qi, Z., Zhao, R., Xu, J., Ge, Y., Li, R., & Li, R. (2021). Accumulation Pattern of Flavonoids during Fruit Development of Lonicera maackii Determined by Metabolomics. Molecules, 26(22), 6913. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226913

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