HPTLC and FTIR Fingerprinting of Olive Leaves Extracts and ATR-FTIR Characterisation of Major Flavonoids and Polyphenolics

Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry Named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia

School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Edwards Rd, Bendigo 3550, Australia

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Academic Editors: Alessandra Morana and Giuseppe Squillaci

Molecules 2021, 26(22), 6892; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226892

Received: 31 October 2021 / Revised: 12 November 2021 / Accepted: 12 November 2021 / Published: 16 November 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extraction, Characterization, and Potential Applications of Bioactive Molecules from Natural Sources II)

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of spontaneous microbial maceration on the release and extraction of the flavonoids and phenolics from olive leaves. Bioprofiling based on thin-layer chromatography effect-directed detection followed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy proved to be a reliable and convenient method for simultaneous comparison of the extracts. Results show that fermentation significantly enhances the extraction of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The polyphenolic content was increased from 6.7 µg GAE (gallic acid equivalents) to 25.5 µg GAE, antioxidants from 10.3 µg GAE to 25.3 µg GAE, and flavonoid content from 42 µg RE (rutin equivalents) to 238 µg RE per 20 µL of extract. Increased antioxidant activity of fermented ethyl acetate extracts was attributed to the higher concentration of extracted flavonoids and phenolic terpenoids, while increased antioxidant activity in fermented ethanol extract was due to increased extraction of flavonoids as extraction of phenolic compounds was not improved. Lactic acid that is released during fermentation and glycine present in the olive leaves form a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) with significantly increased solubility for flavonoids. View Full-Text

Keywords: Olea europaea; olive leaves; extractive fermentation; HPTLC; ATR-FTIR; NADES; microbial maceration

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MDPI and ACS Style

Agatonovic-Kustrin, S.; Gegechkori, V.; Petrovich, D.S.; Ilinichna, K.T.; Morton, D.W. HPTLC and FTIR Fingerprinting of Olive Leaves Extracts and ATR-FTIR Characterisation of Major Flavonoids and Polyphenolics. Molecules 2021, 26, 6892. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226892

AMA Style

Agatonovic-Kustrin S, Gegechkori V, Petrovich DS, Ilinichna KT, Morton DW. HPTLC and FTIR Fingerprinting of Olive Leaves Extracts and ATR-FTIR Characterisation of Major Flavonoids and Polyphenolics. Molecules. 2021; 26(22):6892. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226892

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agatonovic-Kustrin, Snezana, Vladimir Gegechkori, Dementyev S. Petrovich, Kobakhidze T. Ilinichna, and David W. Morton. 2021. "HPTLC and FTIR Fingerprinting of Olive Leaves Extracts and ATR-FTIR Characterisation of Major Flavonoids and Polyphenolics" Molecules 26, no. 22: 6892. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226892

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HPTLC and FTIR Fingerprinting of Olive Leaves Extracts and ATR-FTIR Characterisation of Major Flavonoids and Polyphenolics

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