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Article

A Powdered Simulant of Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP) for Safe Testing of X-ray Transmission Screening Equipment

by
Mitja Vahčič
1,
David Anderson
1,*,
John Seghers
1,
Hanne Leys
1,
Miguel Ruiz Oses
1,
Grzegorz Rarata
1,
Maximino Fernández García
2,
Rosana Prados Román
2 and
Daniel Pellico Escudero
3
1
European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Retieseweg 111, 2440 Geel, Belgium
2
Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Madrid, Ctra. Ajalvir km.4, 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain
3
Ingeniería de Sistemas para la Defensa de España S.A. A Spanish Public Enterprise 100% belonging to INTA. Calle Beatriz de Bobadilla, 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2020, 25(6), 1473; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25061473
Submission received: 26 February 2020 / Revised: 20 March 2020 / Accepted: 23 March 2020 / Published: 24 March 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Chemistry of Energetic Materials)
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Abstract

Explosives detection systems (EDS) based on X-ray are used at airports to screen baggage for the presence of explosives. Once EDS are installed in airports, however, it can be challenging to test the EDS equipment and verify that it continues to perform at the highest level, because of the impracticality of introducing bulk explosives into civil aviation airports. The problem is particularly acute for sensitive homemade explosives, such as triacetone triperoxide (TATP). This paper describes our work to develop a safe, accurate and stable simulant for TATP for EDS based on X-ray transmission. Bulk quantities of TATP were synthesised and characterised especially for this project, and we describe the unique challenges and safety considerations of collecting this data. Our calculations show that the expanded measurement uncertainty with a coverage factor of k = 2 is 5.7% for bulk density and 1.0% for Zeff at 24 months.
Keywords: TATP; simulants; X-ray; explosives detection; aviation security; testing; harmonisation; standardisation TATP; simulants; X-ray; explosives detection; aviation security; testing; harmonisation; standardisation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vahčič, M.; Anderson, D.; Seghers, J.; Leys, H.; Ruiz Oses, M.; Rarata, G.; Fernández García, M.; Prados Román, R.; Pellico Escudero, D. A Powdered Simulant of Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP) for Safe Testing of X-ray Transmission Screening Equipment. Molecules 2020, 25, 1473. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25061473

AMA Style

Vahčič M, Anderson D, Seghers J, Leys H, Ruiz Oses M, Rarata G, Fernández García M, Prados Román R, Pellico Escudero D. A Powdered Simulant of Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP) for Safe Testing of X-ray Transmission Screening Equipment. Molecules. 2020; 25(6):1473. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25061473

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vahčič, Mitja, David Anderson, John Seghers, Hanne Leys, Miguel Ruiz Oses, Grzegorz Rarata, Maximino Fernández García, Rosana Prados Román, and Daniel Pellico Escudero. 2020. "A Powdered Simulant of Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP) for Safe Testing of X-ray Transmission Screening Equipment" Molecules 25, no. 6: 1473. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25061473

APA Style

Vahčič, M., Anderson, D., Seghers, J., Leys, H., Ruiz Oses, M., Rarata, G., Fernández García, M., Prados Román, R., & Pellico Escudero, D. (2020). A Powdered Simulant of Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP) for Safe Testing of X-ray Transmission Screening Equipment. Molecules, 25(6), 1473. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25061473

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