Lipid Droplet Composition Varies Based on Medaka Fish Eggs Development as Revealed by NIR-, MIR-, and Raman Imaging
by
Ewelina Bik 1,2,†, Mika Ishigaki 3,4,†, Aneta Blat 1,2, Agnieszka Jasztal 2, Yukihiro Ozaki 5, Kamilla Malek 1,2,* and Malgorzata Baranska 1,2,*
Ewelina Bik 1,2,†, Mika Ishigaki 3,4,†, Aneta Blat 1,2, Agnieszka Jasztal 2, Yukihiro Ozaki 5, Kamilla Malek 1,2,* and Malgorzata Baranska 1,2,*
1
Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
2
Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
3
Raman Project Center for Medical and Biological Applications, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
4
Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
5
School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Molecules 2020, 25(4), 817; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040817 (registering DOI)
Received: 23 January 2020 / Revised: 9 February 2020 / Accepted: 12 February 2020 / Published: 13 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomedical Raman and Infrared Spectroscopy: Recent Advancement and Applications)
In fertilized fish eggs, lipids are an energy reservoir for the embryo development and substrate for organogenesis. They occur in the cytoplasmic area and form lipid droplets (LDs), but also the yolk egg is composed of lipids and proteins. Insight on the LD formation and distribution and their interactions with other cellular organelles could provide information about the role based on the egg development. For non-destructive, macro-scale visualization of biochemical components of fish eggs, such as lipids proteins and water, near-infrared (NIR) imaging is the method of choice. Mid-infrared (MIR) and Raman spectroscopy imaging were used to provide details on chemical composition of LDs and other egg organelles. NIR imaging illustrated main compartments of the egg including membrane, LDs, yolk, relative protein, and lipid content in well-localized egg structures and their interactions with water molecules. In the yolk, a co-existence of lipids and proteins with carotenoids and carbohydrates was detected by Raman spectroscopy. Results showed a prominent decrease of unsaturated fatty acids, phospholipids, and triglycerides/cholesteryl esters content in the eggs due to the embryo development. An opposite trend of changes was observed by MIR spectroscopy for the glycogen, suggesting that consumption of lipids occurred with production of this carbohydrate. The comprehensive vibrational spectroscopic analysis based on NIR, MIR, and Raman imaging is a unique tool in studying in situ dynamic biological processes.
Keywords:
near- and mid-infrared spectroscopic imaging; Raman spectroscopic imaging; lipid bodies; fertilized egg; lipids
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MDPI and ACS Style
Bik, E.; Ishigaki, M.; Blat, A.; Jasztal, A.; Ozaki, Y.; Malek, K.; Baranska, M. Lipid Droplet Composition Varies Based on Medaka Fish Eggs Development as Revealed by NIR-, MIR-, and Raman Imaging. Molecules 2020, 25, 817.
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