Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Carotenoids in Neurodegeneration
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Overview of Carotenoids
2.1. Lycopene
2.2. β-Carotene
2.3. Astaxanthin
2.4. Lutein
2.5. Fucoxanthin
3. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Not available. |
Preventing Loss of Bcl-2 | Preventing Loss of Bcl-xL | Preventing Accumulation of Bax | Preventing Accumulation or Release of Cytochrome C | Preventing Accumulation or Activation of Caspase 3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
β-carotene | [120] | [120] | [120] | ||
Lycopene | [80,83,89] | [89] | [80,83,89] | [77,83,90] | [80,83] |
Lutein | [172,173,174,193] | [173] | [173,174,193] | [174] | [173,193] |
Astaxanthin | [140] | [136] | [137] | ||
Zeaxanthin | [194] | ||||
Fucoxanthin | [188] | [188] | [184] | [184,188] |
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Park, H.-A.; Hayden, M.M.; Bannerman, S.; Jansen, J.; Crowe-White, K.M. Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Carotenoids in Neurodegeneration. Molecules 2020, 25, 3453. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153453
Park H-A, Hayden MM, Bannerman S, Jansen J, Crowe-White KM. Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Carotenoids in Neurodegeneration. Molecules. 2020; 25(15):3453. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153453
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Han-A, Mary Margaret Hayden, Sydni Bannerman, Joseph Jansen, and Kristi M. Crowe-White. 2020. "Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Carotenoids in Neurodegeneration" Molecules 25, no. 15: 3453. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153453