Betanin, a Natural Food Additive: Stability, Bioavailability, Antioxidant and Preservative Ability Assessments

Vieira Teixeira da Silva, Davi; dos Santos Baião, Diego; de Oliveira Silva, Fabrício; Alves, Genilton; Perrone, Daniel; Mere Del Aguila, Eduardo; M. Flosi Paschoalin, Vania

doi:10.3390/molecules24030458

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Betanin, a Natural Food Additive: Stability, Bioavailability, Antioxidant and Preservative Ability Assessments

Davi Vieira Teixeira da Silva

Diego dos Santos Baião

Fabrício de Oliveira Silva

Genilton Alves

Daniel Perrone

Eduardo Mere Del Aguila

and

Vania M. Flosi Paschoalin

Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Academic Editors: Lillian Barros and Isabel C.F.R. Ferreira

Molecules 2019, 24(3), 458; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030458

Received: 11 January 2019 / Revised: 26 January 2019 / Accepted: 27 January 2019 / Published: 28 January 2019

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Additives in Food)

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Abstract

Betanin is the only betalain approved for use in food and pharmaceutical products as a natural red colorant. However, the antioxidant power and health-promoting properties of this pigment have been disregarded, perhaps due to the difficulty in obtaining a stable chemical compound, which impairs its absorption and metabolism evaluation. Herein, betanin was purified by semi-preparative HPLC-LC/MS and identified by LC-ESI(+)-MS/MS as the pseudomolecular ion m/z 551.16. Betanin showed significant stability up to −30 °C and mild stability at chilling temperature. The stability and antioxidant ability of this compound were assessed during a human digestion simulation and ex vivo colon fermentation. Half of the betanin amount was recovered in the small intestine digestive fluid and no traces were found after colon fermentation. Betanin high antioxidant ability was retained even after simulated small intestine digestion. Betanin, besides displaying an inherent colorant capacity, was equally effective as a natural antioxidant displaying peroxy-radical scavenger ability in pork meat. Betanin should be considered a multi-functional molecule able to confer an attractive color to frozen or refrigerated foods, but with the capacity to avoid lipid oxidation, thereby preserving food quality. Long-term supplementation by beetroot, a rich source of betanin, should be stimulated to protect organisms against oxidative stress. View Full-Text

Keywords: beetroot; betalains; semi-preparative RP-HPLC; in vitro human gastrointestinal digestion; ex vivo colon fermentation; antioxidant ability; malonildialdehyde

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Vieira Teixeira da Silva, D.; dos Santos Baião, D.; de Oliveira Silva, F.; Alves, G.; Perrone, D.; Mere Del Aguila, E.; M. Flosi Paschoalin, V. Betanin, a Natural Food Additive: Stability, Bioavailability, Antioxidant and Preservative Ability Assessments. Molecules 2019, 24, 458. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030458

AMA Style

Vieira Teixeira da Silva D, dos Santos Baião D, de Oliveira Silva F, Alves G, Perrone D, Mere Del Aguila E, M. Flosi Paschoalin V. Betanin, a Natural Food Additive: Stability, Bioavailability, Antioxidant and Preservative Ability Assessments. Molecules. 2019; 24(3):458. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030458

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vieira Teixeira da Silva, Davi, Diego dos Santos Baião, Fabrício de Oliveira Silva, Genilton Alves, Daniel Perrone, Eduardo Mere Del Aguila, and Vania M. Flosi Paschoalin. 2019. "Betanin, a Natural Food Additive: Stability, Bioavailability, Antioxidant and Preservative Ability Assessments" Molecules 24, no. 3: 458. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030458

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Betanin, a Natural Food Additive: Stability, Bioavailability, Antioxidant and Preservative Ability Assessments

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