Purine Catabolism Shows a Dampened Circadian Rhythmicity in a High-fat Diet-Induced Mouse Model of Obesity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Feeding a High Fat Diet Induced Obesity in Mice
2.2. Obesity Induced Significant Changes in the Circadian Serum Metabolome
2.3. Metabolic Biomarkers Affected by Circadian Rhythms in Normal Mice and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice
2.4. Remodelling Metabolic Circadian Rhythms by High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity
2.5. Circadian-Related Expression of Xanthine Oxidase and Uricase
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Chemicals
4.2. Animal Studies
4.3. Measurement of Serum Glucose and Cholesterol
4.4. Sample Preparation and GC/MS Analysis
4.5. Compound Identification and Statistical Analysis
4.6. qRT-PCR Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: The samples and datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. |
AIN-93M | High-Fat Diet | |
---|---|---|
kcal/% | kcal/% | |
Protein | 15 | 16 |
Carbohydrate | 76 | 25 |
Fat | 9 | 59 |
Total | 100 | 100 |
Kcal/gm | ||
kcal | kcal | |
Casein | 560 | 793 |
Corn starch | 1983 | 0 |
Maltodextrin | 500 | 880 |
Sucrose | 400 | 363 |
Soybean oil | 360 | 306 |
Lard | 0 | 2757 |
Cellulose | 0 | 0 |
Mineral mix | 0 | 0 |
Vitamin mix | 40 | 57 |
L-cystine | 7 | 0 |
Choline bitartrate | 0 | 0 |
t-Butylhydroquinone | 0 | 0 |
Cholesterol | 0 | 0 |
Total | 3850 | 5156 |
Primer | Forward Primer Sequence (5′-3′) | Reverse Primer Sequence (5′-3′) |
---|---|---|
GAPDH | TGACGTGCCGCCTGGAGAAA | AGTGTAGCCCAAGATGCCCTTCAG |
Xor | AAAGGACCAGACGATTGCTCC | TCACACGTTCCCCTTCAAAAC |
Uox | GGCCCTATGACAAAGGTGAA | GCAGCAAAACCTCTTCCTTG |
Bmal1 | GGACTTCGCCTCTACCTGTTCA | AACCATGTGCGAGTGCAGGCGC |
Clock | CACTCTCACAGCCCCACTGTAC | CCCCACAAGCTACAGGAGCAGT |
Rev-erbα | CTACTGGCTCCCTCACCCAGGA | GACACTCGGCTGCTGTCTTCCA |
Cry1 | AGCGCAGGTGTCGGTTATGAGC | ATAGACGCAGCGGATGGTGTCG |
Cry2 | AAGAAGCCCGCGGTGGCTGTGA | CCGTTCCAAGTGCTTGTCCAGG |
Per1 | AACGGGATGTGTTTCGGGGTGC | AGGACCTCCTCTGATTCGGCAG |
Per2 | TGATCGAGACGCCTGTGCTCGT | CTCCACGGGTTGATGAAGCTGG |
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Sun, R.; Huang, J.; Yang, N.; He, J.; Yu, X.; Feng, S.; Xie, Y.; Wang, G.; Ye, H.; Aa, J. Purine Catabolism Shows a Dampened Circadian Rhythmicity in a High-fat Diet-Induced Mouse Model of Obesity. Molecules 2019, 24, 4524. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244524
Sun R, Huang J, Yang N, He J, Yu X, Feng S, Xie Y, Wang G, Ye H, Aa J. Purine Catabolism Shows a Dampened Circadian Rhythmicity in a High-fat Diet-Induced Mouse Model of Obesity. Molecules. 2019; 24(24):4524. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244524
Chicago/Turabian StyleSun, Runbin, Jingqiu Huang, Na Yang, Jun He, Xiaoyi Yu, Siqi Feng, Yuan Xie, Guangji Wang, Hui Ye, and Jiye Aa. 2019. "Purine Catabolism Shows a Dampened Circadian Rhythmicity in a High-fat Diet-Induced Mouse Model of Obesity" Molecules 24, no. 24: 4524. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244524