Molecular Targets Modulated by Fangchinoline in Tumor Cells and Preclinical Models
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Fangchinoline Classification
3. Fangchinoline-Reported Anti-Cancer Effects in Vitro and in Vivo
3.1. Effect on Tumor Cell Proliferation
3.2. Anti-Metastatic Effects
3.3. Effects on Apoptosis and Autophagy
3.4. Molecular Targets
3.5. Effects on Multi-Drug Resistance and Other Parameters
3.6. In Vivo Effects
3.7. Effects of the Derivatives of Fangchinoline
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Not available. |
Cancer Types | Concentration Range Tested | Pathways/Molecules Altered | References |
---|---|---|---|
A549 lung adenocarcinoma | 10–40 µM | FAK ↓; FAK-paxillin/MMP-2&-9 ↓; FAK-Akt ↓; FAK-MEK-ERK1&2 ↓ | [29] |
MG63 and U20S bone cancer | 10–30 µM | PI3K ↓; Cyclin D1 ↓; MMP2&9 ↓; Akt ↓; Caspase3 &8 ↑ | [28] |
MDA-MB-231 breast cancer | 6.25–100 µM | MMP-2&-9 ↓ Expression of NF-κB ↓ Phosphorylated Akt ↓ IκB protein ↑ | [25,56,87] |
SPC-A-1 lung adenocarcinoma | 2.5–10 µM | G0/G1 phase Arrest ↓ | [36] |
T24 and 5637 bladder cancer | 2.5–40 µM | Caspase-3 ↓ LC3-II/LC3-I ratio ↑ p62 ↓ mTOR ↓ Intracellular ATP level ↓ | [32] |
PC3 prostate cancer | 10–30 µM | G1/S phase ↓ Cyclin-D ↓ PCNA ↓ p27 expression ↑ | [30] |
U87MG and U118MG GBM | 10–30 µM | Akt/p21 ↓ Akt/BAD ↓ Akt/MMP2&9↓ | [34] |
HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5 hepatocellular carcinoma | 2–10 μM | p53 ↑ Sestrin2 ↑ AMP ↑ | [57] |
AGS gastric cancer | 0–60 μM | Akt↓ MMP2&9 ↓ TIMP1&2 ↑ | [33] |
A375 and A875 melanoma | 10–20 μM | FAK ↓ | [40] |
MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 pancreatic cancer | 0–15 μM | NR4A1 ↓ Survivin ↓ Sp-1 ↓ | [55] |
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Mérarchi, M.; Sethi, G.; Fan, L.; Mishra, S.; Arfuso, F.; Ahn, K.S. Molecular Targets Modulated by Fangchinoline in Tumor Cells and Preclinical Models. Molecules 2018, 23, 2538. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102538
Mérarchi M, Sethi G, Fan L, Mishra S, Arfuso F, Ahn KS. Molecular Targets Modulated by Fangchinoline in Tumor Cells and Preclinical Models. Molecules. 2018; 23(10):2538. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102538
Chicago/Turabian StyleMérarchi, Myriam, Gautam Sethi, Lu Fan, Srishti Mishra, Frank Arfuso, and Kwang Seok Ahn. 2018. "Molecular Targets Modulated by Fangchinoline in Tumor Cells and Preclinical Models" Molecules 23, no. 10: 2538. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102538