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HS-SPME-GC-MS Analyses of Volatiles in Plant Populations—Quantitating Compound × Individual Matrix Effects
by
Elizabeth A. Burzynski-Chang 1, Imelda Ryona 1, Bruce I. Reisch 2, Itay Gonda 3, Majid R. Foolad 4, James J. Giovannoni 3 and Gavin L. Sacks 1,*
1
Department of Food Science, Stocking Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
2
Horticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
3
Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Science, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
4
Department of Plant Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Michael C. Qian and Yanping L. Qian
Molecules 2018, 23(10), 2436; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102436
Received: 30 August 2018 / Revised: 19 September 2018 / Accepted: 21 September 2018 / Published: 23 September 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Instrumental Analysis for Volatile Odorants and Flavours)
Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is widely employed for volatile analyses of plants, including mapping populations used in plant breeding research. Studies often employ a single internal surrogate standard, even when multiple analytes are measured, with the assumption that any relative changes in matrix effects among individuals would be similar for all compounds, i.e., matrix effects do not show Compound × Individual interactions. We tested this assumption using individuals from two plant populations: an interspecific grape (Vitis spp.) mapping population (n = 140) and a tomato (Solanum spp.) recombinant inbred line (RIL) population (n = 148). Individual plants from the two populations were spiked with a cocktail of internal standards (n = 6, 9, respectively) prior to HS-SPME-GC-MS. Variation in the relative responses of internal standards indicated that Compound × Individual interactions exist but were different between the two populations. For the grape population, relative responses among pairs of internal standards varied considerably among individuals, with a maximum of 249% relative standard deviation (RSD) for the pair of [U13C]hexanal and [U13C]hexanol. However, in the tomato population, relative responses of internal standard pairs varied much less, with pairwise RSDs ranging from 8% to 56%. The approach described in this paper could be used to evaluate the suitability of using surrogate standards for HS-SPME-GC-MS studies in other plant populations.
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Keywords:
breeding population; internal standards; matrix effects; plant volatiles; SPME; odorant analysis
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MDPI and ACS Style
Burzynski-Chang, E.A.; Ryona, I.; Reisch, B.I.; Gonda, I.; Foolad, M.R.; Giovannoni, J.J.; Sacks, G.L. HS-SPME-GC-MS Analyses of Volatiles in Plant Populations—Quantitating Compound × Individual Matrix Effects. Molecules 2018, 23, 2436.
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