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Article

Influence of Shenxiong Glucose Injection on the Activities of Six CYP Isozymes and Metabolism of Warfarin in Rats Assessed Using Probe Cocktail and Pharmacokinetic Approaches

by
Jia Sun
1,2,3,†,
Yuan Lu
1,2,†,
Yueting Li
1,2,
Jie Pan
1,2,
Chunhua Liu
1,2,
Zipeng Gong
1,2,
Jing Huang
2,
Jiang Zheng
1,2,
Lin Zheng
1,2,
Yongjun Li
2,4,
Ting Liu
1,2,* and
Yonglin Wang
1,2,*
1
Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Provincial, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9, Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
2
School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, No.9, Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
3
National Engineering Research Center of Miao’s Medicines, No. 9, Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
4
Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, No.9, Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Molecules 2017, 22(11), 1994; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22111994
Submission received: 21 October 2017 / Revised: 10 November 2017 / Accepted: 13 November 2017 / Published: 20 November 2017
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Abstract

Shenxiong glucose injection (SGI), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation, has been widely used for the treatment of various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases for many years. We assessed the potential influences of SGI on the activities of six CYP enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C11, CYP2C19, CYP2D4, CYP2E1, and CYP3A2) and on the pharmacokinetics of warfarin in rats. We compared plasma pharmacokinetics of six probe drugs (caffeine/CYP1A2, tolbutamide/CYP2C11, omeprazole/CYP2C19, metoprolol/CYP2D4, chlorzoxazone/CYP2E1, and midazolam/CYP3A2) and of warfarin between control and SGI-pretreated groups, to estimate the effect on the relative activities of the six isozymes and warfarin metabolism. There were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of caffeine, omeprazole, metoprolol, chlorzoxazone, and midazolam between the SGI-pretreated and control groups. However, many pharmacokinetic parameters of tolbutamide in SGI-pretreated rats were affected significantly (p < 0.05), and indicated tolbutamide metabolism in the former group was markedly slower. Moreover, SGI reduced the clearance of warfarin. These results suggested SGI showed no effects on the enzyme activities of rat CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2D4, CYP2E1, and CYP3A2, but inhibited the enzyme activity of CYP2C11, and improved the blood concentration of warfarin. This suggests that the dose of warfarin may need be adjusted when co-administrated with SGI.
Keywords: CYP isozyme; herb-drug interaction; Shenxiong glucose injection; warfarin CYP isozyme; herb-drug interaction; Shenxiong glucose injection; warfarin
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MDPI and ACS Style

Sun, J.; Lu, Y.; Li, Y.; Pan, J.; Liu, C.; Gong, Z.; Huang, J.; Zheng, J.; Zheng, L.; Li, Y.; et al. Influence of Shenxiong Glucose Injection on the Activities of Six CYP Isozymes and Metabolism of Warfarin in Rats Assessed Using Probe Cocktail and Pharmacokinetic Approaches. Molecules 2017, 22, 1994. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22111994

AMA Style

Sun J, Lu Y, Li Y, Pan J, Liu C, Gong Z, Huang J, Zheng J, Zheng L, Li Y, et al. Influence of Shenxiong Glucose Injection on the Activities of Six CYP Isozymes and Metabolism of Warfarin in Rats Assessed Using Probe Cocktail and Pharmacokinetic Approaches. Molecules. 2017; 22(11):1994. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22111994

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sun, Jia, Yuan Lu, Yueting Li, Jie Pan, Chunhua Liu, Zipeng Gong, Jing Huang, Jiang Zheng, Lin Zheng, Yongjun Li, and et al. 2017. "Influence of Shenxiong Glucose Injection on the Activities of Six CYP Isozymes and Metabolism of Warfarin in Rats Assessed Using Probe Cocktail and Pharmacokinetic Approaches" Molecules 22, no. 11: 1994. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22111994

APA Style

Sun, J., Lu, Y., Li, Y., Pan, J., Liu, C., Gong, Z., Huang, J., Zheng, J., Zheng, L., Li, Y., Liu, T., & Wang, Y. (2017). Influence of Shenxiong Glucose Injection on the Activities of Six CYP Isozymes and Metabolism of Warfarin in Rats Assessed Using Probe Cocktail and Pharmacokinetic Approaches. Molecules, 22(11), 1994. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22111994

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