The Growth Suppressing Effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 Involve Induction of Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Girinimbine Inhibits the Proliferation of HepG2 Cells
2.2. Girinimbine Increased LDH Release from HepG2 Cells
2.3. Girinimbine Induces Morphological Changes in HepG2 Cells Prior to Cell Death
2.4. Girinimbine Showed Biochemical Features of Apoptosis
2.5. Girinimbine Induces G0/G1-Phase Arrest in HepG2 Cells
Sub G0/G1 | G0/G1 | S | G2/M | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 3.81 ± 0.41 | 67.86 ± 7.8 | 8.93 ± 0.1 | 19.4 ± 1.2 |
12 h | 6.56 ± 0.53 * | 69.63 ± 6.44 * | 6.77 ± 0.21 * | 17.04 ± 1.5 * |
24 h | 7.62 ± 0.19 * | 72.09 ± 8 .1 * | 5.21 ± 0.43 * | 15.08 ± 2.1 * |
48 h | 10.34 ± 0.84 * | 75.32 ± 7.9 * | 5.74 ± 0.4 * | 8.6 ± 0.9 * |
3. Discussion
4. Experimental
4.1. Drugs and Reagents
4.2. Cell Culture
4.3. Cell Viability Assay
4.4. LDH Release Assay
4.5. Evaluation of Morphology by Light Microscopy
4.6. Chromatin Condensation Assay
4.7. Colourimetric Assay of Caspase-3
4.8. DNA Laddering
4.9. Flow Cytometric Analysis of DNA Cell Cycle
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflict of Interest
- Sample Availability: Samples of the compound girinimbine are available from the authors.
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Syam, S.; Abdul, A.B.; Sukari, M.A.; Mohan, S.; Abdelwahab, S.I.; Wah, T.S. The Growth Suppressing Effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 Involve Induction of Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest. Molecules 2011, 16, 7155-7170. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16087155
Syam S, Abdul AB, Sukari MA, Mohan S, Abdelwahab SI, Wah TS. The Growth Suppressing Effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 Involve Induction of Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest. Molecules. 2011; 16(8):7155-7170. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16087155
Chicago/Turabian StyleSyam, Suvitha, Ahmad Bustamam Abdul, Mohd. Aspollah Sukari, Syam Mohan, Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab, and Tang Sook Wah. 2011. "The Growth Suppressing Effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 Involve Induction of Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest" Molecules 16, no. 8: 7155-7170. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16087155
APA StyleSyam, S., Abdul, A. B., Sukari, M. A., Mohan, S., Abdelwahab, S. I., & Wah, T. S. (2011). The Growth Suppressing Effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 Involve Induction of Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest. Molecules, 16(8), 7155-7170. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16087155