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Volume 23
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Article

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering for Mixed Entangled Coherent States

by
Sayed Abdel-Khalek
1,
Kamal Berrada
2,3,*,
Mariam Algarni
4 and
Hichem Eleuch
5,6,7
1
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
3
The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
4
Mathematical Sciences Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
5
Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
6
Department of Applied Sciences and Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi 59911, United Arab Emirates
7
Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Entropy 2021, 23(11), 1442; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23111442
Submission received: 20 September 2021 / Revised: 27 October 2021 / Accepted: 28 October 2021 / Published: 31 October 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quantum Mechanics and Its Foundations II)
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Abstract

By using the Born Markovian master equation, we study the relationship among the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering, Bell nonlocality, and quantum entanglement of entangled coherent states (ECSs) under decoherence. We illustrate the dynamical behavior of the three types of correlations for various optical field strength regimes. In general, we find that correlation measurements begin at their maximum and decline over time. We find that quantum steering and nonlocality behave similarly in terms of photon number during dynamics. Furthermore, we discover that ECSs with steerability can violate the Bell inequality, and that not every ECS with Bell nonlocality is steerable. In the current work, without the memory stored in the environment, some of the initial states with maximal values of quantum steering, Bell nonlocality, and entanglement can provide a delayed loss of that value during temporal evolution, which is of interest to the current study.
Keywords: quantum steering; bell nonlocality; EPR paradox; decoherence; entangled states quantum steering; bell nonlocality; EPR paradox; decoherence; entangled states

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MDPI and ACS Style

Abdel-Khalek, S.; Berrada, K.; Algarni, M.; Eleuch, H. Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering for Mixed Entangled Coherent States. Entropy 2021, 23, 1442. https://doi.org/10.3390/e23111442

AMA Style

Abdel-Khalek S, Berrada K, Algarni M, Eleuch H. Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering for Mixed Entangled Coherent States. Entropy. 2021; 23(11):1442. https://doi.org/10.3390/e23111442

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdel-Khalek, Sayed, Kamal Berrada, Mariam Algarni, and Hichem Eleuch. 2021. "Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering for Mixed Entangled Coherent States" Entropy 23, no. 11: 1442. https://doi.org/10.3390/e23111442

APA Style

Abdel-Khalek, S., Berrada, K., Algarni, M., & Eleuch, H. (2021). Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering for Mixed Entangled Coherent States. Entropy, 23(11), 1442. https://doi.org/10.3390/e23111442

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