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Keywords = ultrasmall Gd2O3 nanoparticle

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14 pages, 6351 KiB  
Article
Magnetic Resonance Imaging and X-Ray Imaging Properties of Ultrasmall Lanthanide Oxide (Ln = Eu, Gd, and Tb) Nanoparticles Synthesized via Thermal Decomposition
by Shuwen Liu, Tirusew Tegafaw, Son Long Ho, Huan Yue, Dejun Zhao, Ying Liu, Endale Mulugeta, Xiaoran Chen, Hansol Lee, Dabin Ahn, Ji-ung Yang, Ji Ae Park, Ahrum Baek, Jihyun Kim, Yongmin Chang and Gang Ho Lee
Molecules 2025, 30(12), 2519; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30122519 - 9 Jun 2025
Viewed by 498
Abstract
Owing to their 4f electrons and high atomic numbers, lanthanide (Ln) elements impart lanthanide oxide (Ln2O3) nanoparticles with excellent biomedical imaging properties. This study reports synthesis for three types of ultrasmall and monodisperse Ln2O3 nanoparticles (Ln [...] Read more.
Owing to their 4f electrons and high atomic numbers, lanthanide (Ln) elements impart lanthanide oxide (Ln2O3) nanoparticles with excellent biomedical imaging properties. This study reports synthesis for three types of ultrasmall and monodisperse Ln2O3 nanoparticles (Ln = Eu, Gd, and Tb) via thermal decomposition in oleylamine at 280 °C, followed by ligand exchange with citric acid (CA) to produce water-dispersible, CA-grafted Ln2O3 nanoparticles with high colloidal stability. The resulting CA-grafted Ln2O3 nanoparticles had average diameters of approximately 2 nm. We characterized their physicochemical properties, including in vitro cytotoxicity, magnetic resonance imaging properties (i.e., water proton spin relaxivities), and X-ray imaging properties (i.e., X-ray attenuation). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Magnetic Resonance Methods in Materials Chemistry Analysis)
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13 pages, 2439 KiB  
Article
Hybrid Polyelectrolyte Capsules Loaded with Gadolinium-Doped Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles as a Biocompatible MRI Agent for Theranostic Applications
by Danil D. Kolmanovich, Nikita N. Chukavin, Irina V. Savintseva, Elena A. Mysina, Nelli R. Popova, Alexander E. Baranchikov, Madina M. Sozarukova, Vladimir K. Ivanov and Anton L. Popov
Polymers 2023, 15(18), 3840; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15183840 - 21 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1980
Abstract
Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembled polyelectrolyte capsules have demonstrated their unique advantages and capability in drug delivery applications. These ordered micro/nanostructures are also promising candidates as imaging contrast agents for diagnostic and theranostic applications. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), one of the most powerful clinical imaging [...] Read more.
Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembled polyelectrolyte capsules have demonstrated their unique advantages and capability in drug delivery applications. These ordered micro/nanostructures are also promising candidates as imaging contrast agents for diagnostic and theranostic applications. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), one of the most powerful clinical imaging modalities, is moving forward to the molecular imaging field and requires advanced imaging probes. This paper reports on a new design of MRI-visible LbL capsules, loaded with redox-active gadolinium-doped cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeGdO2−x NPs). CeGdO2−x NPs possess an ultrasmall size, high colloidal stability, and pronounced antioxidant properties. A comprehensive analysis of LbL capsules by TEM, SEM, LCSM, and EDX techniques was carried out. The research demonstrated a high level of biocompatibility and cellular uptake efficiency of CeGdO2−x-loaded capsules by cancer (human osteosarcoma and adenocarcinoma) cells and normal (human mesenchymal stem) cells. The LbL-based delivery platform can also be used for other imaging modalities and theranostic applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biopolymer Composites for Biomedicine Applications)
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17 pages, 4374 KiB  
Article
Mono and Multiple Tumor-Targeting Ligand-Coated Ultrasmall Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles: Enhanced Tumor Imaging and Blood Circulation
by Son Long Ho, Huan Yue, Sangyeol Lee, Tirusew Tegafaw, Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad, Shuwen Liu, Abdullah Khamis Ali Al Saidi, Dejun Zhao, Ying Liu, Sung-Wook Nam, Kwon Seok Chae, Yongmin Chang and Gang Ho Lee
Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(7), 1458; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14071458 - 12 Jul 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3709
Abstract
Hydrophilic and biocompatible PAA-coated ultrasmall Gd2O3 nanoparticles (davg = 1.7 nm) were synthesized and conjugated with tumor-targeting ligands, i.e., cyclic arginylglycylaspartic acid (cRGD) and/or folic acid (FA). FA-PAA-Gd2O3 and cRGD/FA-PAA-Gd2O3 nanoparticles were successfully [...] Read more.
Hydrophilic and biocompatible PAA-coated ultrasmall Gd2O3 nanoparticles (davg = 1.7 nm) were synthesized and conjugated with tumor-targeting ligands, i.e., cyclic arginylglycylaspartic acid (cRGD) and/or folic acid (FA). FA-PAA-Gd2O3 and cRGD/FA-PAA-Gd2O3 nanoparticles were successfully applied in U87MG tumor-bearing mice for tumor imaging using T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). cRGD/FA-PAA-Gd2O3 nanoparticles with multiple tumor-targeting ligands exhibited higher contrasts at the tumor site than FA-PAA-Gd2O3 nanoparticles with mono tumor-targeting ligands. In addition, the cRGD/FA-PAA-Gd2O3 nanoparticles exhibited higher contrasts in all organs, especially the aorta, compared with those of the FA-PAA-Gd2O3 nanoparticles, because of the blood cell hitchhiking effect of cRGD in the cRGD/FA-PAA-Gd2O3 nanoparticles, which prolonged their circulation in the blood. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of Novel Tumor-Targeting Nanoparticles)
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12 pages, 3581 KiB  
Article
Polyaspartic Acid-Coated Paramagnetic Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles as a Dual-Modal T1 and T2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent
by Shanti Marasini, Huan Yue, Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari, Son Long Ho, Ji Ae Park, Soyeon Kim, Hyunsil Cha, Shuwen Liu, Tirusew Tegafaw, Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad, Abdullah Khamis Ali Al Saidi, Dejun Zhao, Ying Liu, Kwon-Seok Chae, Yongmin Chang and Gang Ho Lee
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(17), 8222; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11178222 - 4 Sep 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3622
Abstract
Surface-coating polymers contribute to nanoparticle-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents because they can affect the relaxometric properties of the nanoparticles. In this study, polyaspartic acid (PASA)-coated ultrasmall Gd2O3 nanoparticles with an average particle diameter of 2.0 nm were synthesized [...] Read more.
Surface-coating polymers contribute to nanoparticle-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents because they can affect the relaxometric properties of the nanoparticles. In this study, polyaspartic acid (PASA)-coated ultrasmall Gd2O3 nanoparticles with an average particle diameter of 2.0 nm were synthesized using the one-pot polyol method. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited r1 and r2 of 19.1 and = 53.7 s−1mM−1, respectively, (r1 and r2 are longitudinal and transverse water–proton spin relaxivities, respectively) at 3.0 T MR field, approximately 5 and 10 times higher than those of commercial Gd-chelate contrast agents, respectively. The T1 and T2 MR images could be obtained due to an appreciable r2/r1 ratio of 2.80, indicating their potential as a dual-modal T1 and T2 MRI contrast agent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Magnetic Nanomaterials and Nanostructures)
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13 pages, 2987 KiB  
Article
Hydrophilic Biocompatible Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Maleic Acid) Polymer as a Surface-Coating Ligand of Ultrasmall Gd2O3 Nanoparticles to Obtain a High r1 Value and T1 MR Images
by Yeong-Ji Jang, Shuwen Liu, Huan Yue, Ji Ae Park, Hyunsil Cha, Son Long Ho, Shanti Marasini, Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari, Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad, Xu Miao, Tirusew Tegafaw, Kwon-Seok Chae, Yongmin Chang and Gang Ho Lee
Diagnostics 2021, 11(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11010002 - 22 Dec 2020
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 4271
Abstract
The water proton spin relaxivity, colloidal stability, and biocompatibility of nanoparticle-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents depend on the surface-coating ligands. Here, poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) (PAAMA) (Mw = ~3000 amu) is explored as a surface-coating ligand of ultrasmall gadolinium oxide (Gd [...] Read more.
The water proton spin relaxivity, colloidal stability, and biocompatibility of nanoparticle-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents depend on the surface-coating ligands. Here, poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) (PAAMA) (Mw = ~3000 amu) is explored as a surface-coating ligand of ultrasmall gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) nanoparticles. Owing to the numerous carboxylic groups in PAAMA, which allow its strong conjugation with the nanoparticle surfaces and the attraction of abundant water molecules to the nanoparticles, the synthesized PAAMA-coated ultrasmall Gd2O3 nanoparticles (davg = 1.8 nm and aavg = 9.0 nm) exhibit excellent colloidal stability, extremely low cellular toxicity, and a high longitudinal water proton spin relaxivity (r1) of 40.6 s−1mM−1 (r2/r1 = 1.56, where r2 = transverse water proton spin relaxivity), which is approximately 10 times higher than those of commercial molecular contrast agents. The effectiveness of PAAMA-coated ultrasmall Gd2O3 nanoparticles as a T1 MRI contrast agent is confirmed by the high positive contrast enhancements of the in vivo T1 MR images at the 3.0 T MR field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Techniques in Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
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14 pages, 3884 KiB  
Article
Photoacoustic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Hybrid Manganese Dioxide-Coated Ultra-Small NaGdF4 Nanoparticles for Spatiotemporal Modulation of Hypoxia in Head and Neck Cancer
by Laurie J. Rich, Jossana A. Damasco, Julia C. Bulmahn, Hilliard L. Kutscher, Paras N. Prasad and Mukund Seshadri
Cancers 2020, 12(11), 3294; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12113294 - 6 Nov 2020
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 3134
Abstract
There is widespread interest in developing agents to modify tumor hypoxia in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Here, we report on the synthesis, characterization, and potential utility of ultra-small NaYF4:Nd3+/NaGdF4 nanocrystals coated with manganese dioxide (usNP-MnO [...] Read more.
There is widespread interest in developing agents to modify tumor hypoxia in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Here, we report on the synthesis, characterization, and potential utility of ultra-small NaYF4:Nd3+/NaGdF4 nanocrystals coated with manganese dioxide (usNP-MnO2) for spatiotemporal modulation of hypoxia in HNSCC. Using a dual modality imaging approach, we first visualized the release of Mn2+ using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and modulation of oxygen saturation (%sO2) using photoacoustic imaging (PAI) in vascular channel phantoms. Combined MRI and PAI performed in patient-derived HNSCC xenografts following local and systemic delivery of the hybrid nanoparticles enabled mapping of intratumoral nanoparticle accumulation (based on T1 contrast enhancement) and improvement in tumor oxygenation (increased %sO2) within the tumor microenvironment. Our results demonstrate the potential of hybrid nanoparticles for the modulation of tumor hypoxia in head and neck cancer. Our findings also highlight the potential of combined MRI-PAI for simultaneous mapping nanoparticle delivery and oxygenation changes in tumors. Such imaging methods could be valuable in the precise selection of patients that are likely to benefit from hypoxia-modifying nanotherapies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Perspectives on Hypoxia in Cancer)
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13 pages, 3931 KiB  
Article
In Vivo Positive Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications of Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid)-coated Ultra-small Paramagnetic Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles
by Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad, Md. Wasi Ahmad, Huan Yue, Son Long Ho, Ji Ae Park, Ki-Hye Jung, Hyunsil Cha, Shanti Marasini, Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari, Shuwen Liu, Tirusew Tegafaw, Kwon-Seok Chae, Yongmin Chang and Gang Ho Lee
Molecules 2020, 25(5), 1159; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051159 - 5 Mar 2020
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 5560
Abstract
The study of ultra-small paramagnetic gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) as in vivo positive (T1) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents is one of the most attractive fields in nanomedicine. The performance of the Gd2O [...] Read more.
The study of ultra-small paramagnetic gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) as in vivo positive (T1) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents is one of the most attractive fields in nanomedicine. The performance of the Gd2O3 NP imaging agents depends on the surface-coating materials. In this study, poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) (PMVEMA) was used as a surface-coating polymer. The PMVEMA-coated paramagnetic ultra-small Gd2O3 NPs with an average particle diameter of 1.9 nm were synthesized using the one-pot polyol method. They exhibited excellent colloidal stability in water and good biocompatibility. They also showed a very high longitudinal water proton spin relaxivity (r1) value of 36.2 s−1mM−1 (r2/r1 = 2.0; r2 = transverse water proton spin relaxivity) under a 3.0 tesla MR field which is approximately 10 times higher than the r1 values of commercial molecular contrast agents. High positive contrast enhancements were observed in in vivo T1 MR images after intravenous administration of the NP solution sample, demonstrating its potential as a T1 MRI contrast agent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Magnetic Materials)
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13 pages, 2075 KiB  
Article
Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Functionalized with Polymer Ligand for T1-Weighted MRI In Vitro and In Vivo
by Chenyang Xiang, Xin Zhong, Weitao Yang, Muhammad Irfan Majeed, Jun Wang, Jiani Yu, Jinming Hu, Zushun Xu, Bien Tan, Bingbo Zhang and Wei Yan
Polymers 2019, 11(5), 882; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11050882 - 14 May 2019
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4369
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gained wide interest in early accurate diagnoses due to the high resolution and low toxicity of magnetic nanoparticles. In order to develop potential alternatives of toxic Gd- or Mn-based chelating agents, we report the synthesis of water soluble [...] Read more.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gained wide interest in early accurate diagnoses due to the high resolution and low toxicity of magnetic nanoparticles. In order to develop potential alternatives of toxic Gd- or Mn-based chelating agents, we report the synthesis of water soluble ultra-small Fe3O4 nanoparticles by a modified co-precipitation method as T1-weighted positive contrast agents. The magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) were functionalized by polymer ligand dodecanthiol-polymethacrylic acid (DDT-PMAA) to enhance their colloidal stability. These MIONs have high longitudinal relaxivity (r1 = 8.18 mM−1·S−1) and exhibited good results in the in vitro and in vivo MR imaging. No toxicity was observed in cytotoxicity assay and histology toxicity analysis. The MIONs@DDT-PMAA(magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles @ dodecanthiol-polymethacrylic acid) present great potential as positive contrast agents for tumor diagnosis. Full article
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