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9 pages, 340 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Systematic Approach to Studying Quark Energy Loss in Nuclei Using Positive Pions

by Nicolás Zambra-Gómez, William K. Brooks and Nicolás Viaux

Particles 2025, 8(2), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/particles8020044 - 15 Apr 2025

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Our objective is to test the published models of partonic energy loss, particularly those describing the energy loss mechanisms of quarks traversing nuclear matter, within the framework of semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering. Our methodological approach focuses on quantifying the quark energy loss in [...] Read more.

π^{+}

) produced in various nuclear targets, including deuterium, carbon, iron and lead, while our first approach only includes deuterium and carbon. Before normalizing the pions’ energy distribution to unity to perform a shape analysis, acceptance corrections were performed to account for the detector’s efficiency and ensure accurate comparisons of the spectra. By normalizing the energy spectra of

π^{+}

produced from these distinct targets and based on the Baier–Dokshitzer–Mueller–Peigné–Schiff theory, which posits that quark energy loss depends only on nuclear size, it is assumed that the energy distributions of the targets will exhibit similar behavior. For this normalization, an energy shift between these distributions, corresponding to the quark energy loss, is identified. To ensure accuracy, statistical techniques such as the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test are used. The data used to test and explore the analysis technique and method were from the CLAS6 EG2 dataset collected using Jefferson Lab’s CLAS detector. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 13th International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics (ICNFP 2024))

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10 pages, 283 KiB

Open AccessReview

Strong Interaction Dynamics and Fermi β Decay in the Nucleon and the Nucleus

by Gerald A. Miller

Universe 2023, 9(5), 209; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9050209 - 27 Apr 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1482

Abstract

Nuclear super-allowed

β

decay has been used to obtain tight limits on the value of the CKM matrix element

V_{u d}

that is important for unitarity tests and, therefore, for tests of the standard model. Current requirements on precision are so intense [...] Read more.

Nuclear super-allowed

β

decay has been used to obtain tight limits on the value of the CKM matrix element

V_{u d}

that is important for unitarity tests and, therefore, for tests of the standard model. Current requirements on precision are so intense that effects formerly thought too small to matter are now considered relevant. This article is a brief review of personal efforts to include the effects of strong interactions on Fermi

β

decay. First, I examine the role of isospin violation in the decay of the neutron. The size of the necessary correction depends upon detailed strong-interaction dynamics. The isospin violating parts of the nucleon wave function, important at the low energy of

β

decay, can be constrained by data taken at much higher energies, via measurements, for example, of

e d \to e^{'} π^{\pm} + X

reactions at Jefferson Laboratory. The next point of focus is on the role of nuclear short-ranged correlations, which affect the value of the correction needed to account for isospin violation in extracting the value of

V_{u d}

. The net result is that effects previously considered as irrelevant are now considered relevant for both neutron and nuclear

β

decay. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neutron Lifetime)

17 pages, 453 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Collins Asymmetry in Λ Hyperon Produced SIDIS Process at Electron–Ion Colliders

by Shuailiang Yang, Qi Xu, Yateng Zhang and Xiaoyu Wang

Symmetry 2023, 15(4), 841; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15040841 - 31 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1611

Abstract

We investigate Collins asymmetry in the

Λ

hyperon produced semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) process based on the kinematical region of Electron-ion collider in China (EicC) and Electron–ion collider (EIC) within the transverse momentum dependence (TMD) factorization framework at next-to-leading-logarithmic order. The asymmetry [...] Read more.

We investigate Collins asymmetry in the

Λ

Λ

hyperon. The TMD evolution effect of the corresponding parton distribution functions (PDFs) and fragmentation functions (FFs) is considered with the help of parametrization of the non-perturbative Sudakov form factors for the proton PDFs and

Λ

fragmentation functions. We apply the parametrization of the collinear proton transversity distribution function and the model results of

Λ

Collins function from the diquark spectator model as the inputs of the TMD evolution to numerically calculate Collins asymmetry in

Λ

produced SIDIS process at the kinematical configurations of EIC and EicC. It can be shown that the asymmetry is significant and can be measured at EIC and EicC. The flavor dependence of transversity distribution functions could be further constrained by studying the

Λ

hyperon produced SIDIS process in the future to improve our understanding of the spin structure within nucleons. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Energy Physics and Symmetries)

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11 pages, 433 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Hadronization and Color Transparency

by Kai Gallmeister and Ulrich Mosel

Physics 2022, 4(2), 440-450; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics4020029 - 20 Apr 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2452

Abstract

In this paper, the earlier studies by us on the production of hadrons in a nuclear environment are reviewed. A string-breaking model for the initial production of hadrons and a quantum-kinetic Giessen-Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (GiBUU) transport model are used to describe the final state interactions of the newly formed (pre)hadrons. The latter are determined both by the formation times and by the time-development of the hadron–hadron cross section. First, it is shown that only a linear time dependence is able to describe the available hadronizatin data. Then, the results are compared with detailed data from HERMES and Jefferson Laboratory (JLAB) experiments; a rather good agreement is reached for all reactions, studied without any tuning of parameters. Predictions of spectra for pions and kaons for JLAB experiments at 12 GeV are also repeated. Finally, the absence of color transparency (CT) effects in the recent experiment on proton transparencies in quasi-elastic (QE) scattering events on nuclei is discussed. We propose to look instead for CT effects on protons in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) events. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Color Transparency, Hadronization and Short-Range Nucleon-Nucleon Correlation Studies)

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12 pages, 306 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Transverse–Spin Quark Distributions from Asymmetry Data and Symmetry Arguments

by Vincenzo Barone, Anna Martin and Franco Bradamante

Symmetry 2021, 13(1), 116; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13010116 - 12 Jan 2021

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1980

Abstract

The transversity and the Sivers distribution functions of quarks incorporate important information about the transverse-spin and transverse-momentum structure of nucleons. We show how these distributions can be directly determined point by point from leptoproduction asymmetry data collected for various targets and produced hadrons [...] Read more.

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Spin Physics)

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