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Search Results (6)

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Keywords = pyro-phototronic

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16 pages, 3204 KiB  
Article
Nonlinear Pyroelectric and Photoelectric Responses of GaN Nanowires to Ultraviolet Excitation
by Shikuan Chen, Guoshuai Qin, Zhenyu Wang, Mingkai Guo, Cuiying Fan, Minghao Zhao and Chunsheng Lu
Materials 2025, 18(6), 1276; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18061276 - 13 Mar 2025
Viewed by 533
Abstract
Gallium nitride (GaN), an advanced piezoelectric semiconductor, shows strong potential for ultraviolet (UV) applications due to its prominent thermoelectric, photoelectric, and mechanoelectrical coupling effects, all of which are critical to device performance. This paper focuses on one-dimensional GaN nanowires and introduces a nonlinear [...] Read more.
Gallium nitride (GaN), an advanced piezoelectric semiconductor, shows strong potential for ultraviolet (UV) applications due to its prominent thermoelectric, photoelectric, and mechanoelectrical coupling effects, all of which are critical to device performance. This paper focuses on one-dimensional GaN nanowires and introduces a nonlinear theoretical model to describe pyroelectric and photoelectron effects under UV excitation. The model accounts for both photothermal and photoconductive effects. Using the perturbation method, we derive an approximate analytical solution for the internal physical field of the nanowire under UV light irradiation, which aligns well with the results from nonlinear numerical simulations. Compared to a light intensity of 2 W/m2, a light intensity of 6 W/m2 leads to a 45% increase in electron concentration, a 235% rise in hole concentration, a 146% increase in potential, and a 274% increase in polarization charge concentration. The pyro-phototronic effect enables UV light to modulate the electrical transport characteristics of a Schottky junction. This study addresses the limitations of linearized models for handling large disturbances, providing a comprehensive theoretical and computational framework for advancing GaN micro- and nanoscale devices and enabling effective, non-contact control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials for Energy Applications)
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23 pages, 4538 KiB  
Review
Recent Progress in Pyro-Phototronic Effect-Based Photodetectors: A Path Toward Next-Generation Optoelectronics
by Vishwa Bhatt and Min-Jae Choi
Materials 2025, 18(5), 976; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18050976 - 21 Feb 2025
Viewed by 929
Abstract
Since photodetectors are widely used in a variety of applications, such as imaging, optical communication, security and safety, motion detection, environmental sensing, and more, they are a crucial part of many technologies. The performance of photodetectors has significantly improved due to the advanced [...] Read more.
Since photodetectors are widely used in a variety of applications, such as imaging, optical communication, security and safety, motion detection, environmental sensing, and more, they are a crucial part of many technologies. The performance of photodetectors has significantly improved due to the advanced development of third-generation semiconducting materials caused by the novel pyro-phototronic effect. This effect; induced by localized heating under pulsed incident light, enhances the generation, separation, and collection of charge carriers within photodetectors. The combined pyroelectric and photoelectric effects resulting from this process are collectively termed the pyro-phototronic effect. It is crucial to understand how the pyro-phototronic effect affects the optoelectronic processes that take place during photodetection. This review addresses the latest advancements in photodetector performance by presenting the pyro-phototronic effect for a range of semiconductors. We provide a comprehensive summary of the pyro-phototronic effect in different semiconducting materials and outline recent developments in photodetectors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanophotonic Materials, Devices, and Applications)
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20 pages, 4849 KiB  
Article
p-CuO/n-ZnO Heterojunction Pyro-Phototronic Photodetector Controlled by CuO Preparation Parameters
by Zhen Zhang, Fangpei Li, Wenbo Peng, Quanzhe Zhu and Yongning He
Sensors 2024, 24(24), 8197; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24248197 - 22 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1076
Abstract
The combination of ZnO with narrow bandgap materials such as CuO is now a common method to synthesize high-performance optoelectronic devices. This study focuses on optimizing the performance of p-CuO/n-ZnO heterojunction pyroelectric photodetectors, fabricated through magnetron sputtering, by leveraging the pyro-phototronic effect. The [...] Read more.
The combination of ZnO with narrow bandgap materials such as CuO is now a common method to synthesize high-performance optoelectronic devices. This study focuses on optimizing the performance of p-CuO/n-ZnO heterojunction pyroelectric photodetectors, fabricated through magnetron sputtering, by leveraging the pyro-phototronic effect. The devices’ photoresponse to UV (365 nm) and visible (405 nm) lasers is thoroughly examined. The results show that when the device performance is regulated by adjusting the three parameters—sputtering power, sputtering time, and sputtering oxygen–argon ratio—the optimal sputtering parameters should be as follows: sputtering power of 120 W, sputtering time of 15 min, and sputtering oxygen–argon ratio of 1:3. With the optimal sputtering parameters, the maximum responsivity of the pyroelectric effect and the traditional photovoltaic effect Rpyro+photo of the detector is 4.7 times that under the basic parameters, and the maximum responsivity of the traditional photovoltaic effect Rphoto is also 5.9 times that under the basic parameters. This study not only showcases the extensive potential of the pyro-phototronic effect in enhancing heterojunction photodetectors for high-performance photodetection but also provides some ideas for fabricating high-performance photodetectors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Advanced Flexible Electronic Devices: 2nd Edition)
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20 pages, 3229 KiB  
Article
Pyro-Phototronic Effect Enhanced MXene/ZnO Heterojunction Nanogenerator for Light Energy Harvesting
by Mingyan Xue, Fangpei Li, Wenbo Peng, Quanzhe Zhu and Yongning He
Nanoenergy Adv. 2023, 3(4), 401-420; https://doi.org/10.3390/nanoenergyadv3040020 - 4 Dec 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2238
Abstract
The coupling of pyroelectricity, semiconductor, and optical excitation yields the pyro-phototronic effect, which has been extensively utilized in photodetectors. It can also enhance the performance of light energy harvesting nanogenerators. In this work, a pyro-phototronic effect-enhanced MXene/ZnO heterojunction nanogenerator has been successfully demonstrated, [...] Read more.
The coupling of pyroelectricity, semiconductor, and optical excitation yields the pyro-phototronic effect, which has been extensively utilized in photodetectors. It can also enhance the performance of light energy harvesting nanogenerators. In this work, a pyro-phototronic effect-enhanced MXene/ZnO heterojunction nanogenerator has been successfully demonstrated, which can harvest broadband light energy (from deep UV to near-infrared) and still operate at 200 °C. The morphology of the ZnO layer and the MXene layer’s thickness have been further optimized for better light energy harvesting performance. For the optimized heterojunction nanogenerator, the responsivity can be improved from ~0.2 mA/W to ~3.5 mA/W by pyro-phototronic effect, under 0.0974 mW/cm2 365 nm UV illumination. Moreover, the coupling of pyro-phototronic and piezo-phototronic effects in MXene/ZnO heterojunction nanogenerators has been investigated. The results indicate that only a small tensile strain could improve the nanogenerator’s performance. The working mechanisms have been carefully analyzed, and the modulation of piezoelectric charges on the Schottky barrier height is found to be the key factor. These results demonstrate the enormous potential of the pyro-phototronic effect in light energy harvesting nanogenerators and illustrate the coupling of pyro-phototronic and piezo-phototronic effects for further performance improvement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Celebrating the 18th Anniversary of the Invention of the First Nanogenerators)
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9 pages, 13222 KiB  
Communication
Coupling of Pyro–Piezo-Phototronic Effects in a GaN Nanowire
by Guoshuai Qin, Zhenyu Wang, Lei Wang, Kun Yang, Minghao Zhao and Chunsheng Lu
Materials 2023, 16(18), 6247; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186247 - 17 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1817
Abstract
In this paper, we systematically investigate the synergistic regulation of ultraviolet and mechanical loading on the electromechanical behavior of a GaN nanowire. The distributions of polarization charge, potential, carriers, and electric field in the GaN nanowire are analytically represented by using a one-dimensional [...] Read more.
In this paper, we systematically investigate the synergistic regulation of ultraviolet and mechanical loading on the electromechanical behavior of a GaN nanowire. The distributions of polarization charge, potential, carriers, and electric field in the GaN nanowire are analytically represented by using a one-dimensional model that combines pyro-phototronic and piezo-phototronic properties, and then, the electrical transmission characteristics are analyzed. The results suggest that, due to the pyro-phototronic effect and ultraviolet photoexcited non-equilibrium carriers, the electrical behavior of a nano-Schottky junction can be modulate by ultraviolet light. This provides a new method for the function improvement and performance regulation of intelligent optoelectronic nano-Schottky devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric Nanofibers: Recent Development, Challenges, and Applications)
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35 pages, 14831 KiB  
Review
Pyro-Phototronic Effect for Advanced Photodetectors and Novel Light Energy Harvesting
by Fangpei Li, Wenbo Peng, Yitong Wang, Mingyan Xue and Yongning He
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(8), 1336; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13081336 - 11 Apr 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3831
Abstract
Pyroelectricity was discovered long ago and utilized to convert thermal energy that is tiny and usually wasted in daily life into useful electrical energy. The combination of pyroelectricity and optoelectronic yields a novel research field named as Pyro-Phototronic, where light-induced temperature variation [...] Read more.
Pyroelectricity was discovered long ago and utilized to convert thermal energy that is tiny and usually wasted in daily life into useful electrical energy. The combination of pyroelectricity and optoelectronic yields a novel research field named as Pyro-Phototronic, where light-induced temperature variation of the pyroelectric material produces pyroelectric polarization charges at the interfaces of semiconductor optoelectronic devices, capable of modulating the device performances. In recent years, the pyro-phototronic effect has been vastly adopted and presents huge potential applications in functional optoelectronic devices. Here, we first introduce the basic concept and working mechanism of the pyro-phototronic effect and next summarize the recent progress of the pyro-phototronic effect in advanced photodetectors and light energy harvesting based on diverse materials with different dimensions. The coupling between the pyro-phototronic effect and the piezo-phototronic effect has also been reviewed. This review provides a comprehensive and conceptual summary of the pyro-phototronic effect and perspectives for pyro-phototronic-effect-based potential applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Low-Dimensional Semiconductor Nanomaterials: Preparation, Characterization, and Application)
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