Sign in to use this feature.

Years

Between: -

Subjects

remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline

Journals

Article Types

Countries / Regions

Search Results (146)

Search Parameters:
Keywords = pain stress relationship

Order results
Result details
Results per page
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
22 pages, 2677 KiB  
Article
Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorder Symptoms Among Dental Students at the Faculty of Dental Medicine in Iași: A Self-Reported Study Based on DC/TMD Criteria
by Eugenia Larisa Tarevici, Oana Tanculescu, Alina Mihaela Apostu, Sorina Mihaela Solomon, Alice-Teodora Rotaru-Costin, Adrian Doloca, Petronela Bodnar, Vlad Stefan Proca, Alice-Arina Ciocan-Pendefunda, Monica Tatarciuc, Valeriu Fala and Marina Cristina Iuliana Iordache
Diagnostics 2025, 15(15), 1908; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15151908 - 30 Jul 2025
Viewed by 237
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) encompass a heterogeneous group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masticatory system. Due to academic stress and parafunctional habits, dental students may be particularly vulnerable to TMD. Objective: To determine the prevalence of TMD symptoms [...] Read more.
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) encompass a heterogeneous group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masticatory system. Due to academic stress and parafunctional habits, dental students may be particularly vulnerable to TMD. Objective: To determine the prevalence of TMD symptoms and their psychosocial and functional correlates among students at the Faculty of Dental Medicine, UMPh Iasi, Romania, using the diagnostic criteria for TMD (DC/TMD) self-report axis and axis II instruments. Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, 356 volunteer students (66.0% female; mean age, 22.9 ± 3.6 years) out of a total population of 1874 completed an online DC/TMD–based questionnaire. Axis I assessed orofacial pain, joint noises, and mandibular locking. Axis II instruments included the Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS), Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS-20), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Oral Behaviors Checklist (OBC). Descriptive statistics summarized frequencies, means, and standard deviations; χ2 tests and t-tests compared subgroups by sex; Pearson correlations explored relationships among continuous measures (α = 0.05). Results: A total of 5% of respondents reported orofacial pain in the past 30 days; 41.6% observed TMJ noises; 19.7% experienced locking episodes. Mean JFLS score was 28.3 ± 30.5, with 4.8% scoring > 80 (severe limitation). Mean PHQ-9 was 5.96 ± 5.37 (mild depression); 15.5% scored ≥ 10. Mean GAD-7 was 5.20 ± 4.95 (mild anxiety); 16.0% scored ≥ 10. Mean OBC score was 12.3 ± 8.5; 30.1% scored ≥ 16, indicating frequent parafunctional habits. Symptom prevalence was similar by sex, except temporal headache (43.4% females vs. 24.3% males; p = 0.0008). Females reported higher mean scores for pain intensity (2.09 vs. 1.55; p = 0.0013), JFLS (32.5 vs. 18.0; p < 0.001), PHQ-9 (6.43 vs. 5.16; p = 0.048), and OBC (13.9 vs. 9.7; p = 0.0014). Strong correlation was observed between PHQ-9 and GAD-7 (r = 0.74; p < 0.001); moderate correlations were observed between pain intensity and PHQ-9 (r = 0.31) or GAD-7 (r = 0.30), between JFLS and pain intensity (r = 0.33), and between OBC and PHQ-9 (r = 0.39) (all p < 0.001). Conclusions: Nearly half of dental students reported TMD symptoms, with appreciable functional limitation and psychosocial impact. Parafunctional behaviors and psychological distress were significantly associated with pain and dysfunction. These findings underscore the need for early screening, stress-management interventions, and interdisciplinary care strategies in the dental student population. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 415 KiB  
Article
Anxiety Moderates the Relationship Between Stress and Pain in IBS Patients: A Prospective Diary Study
by Sanda Pletikosić Tončić, Marko Tončić and Sanja Bradić
Gastrointest. Disord. 2025, 7(3), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/gidisord7030050 - 26 Jul 2025
Viewed by 336
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder of brain–gut interaction characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. While stress and anxiety are known to exacerbate IBS symptoms, less is understood about how these factors interact on a daily timescale. This [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder of brain–gut interaction characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. While stress and anxiety are known to exacerbate IBS symptoms, less is understood about how these factors interact on a daily timescale. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between daily stress and abdominal pain in IBS and to examine whether trait anxiety moderates this association. Methods: Forty-nine IBS patients completed daily assessments of stress and abdominal pain over a 14-day period. Participants rated abdominal pain three times daily and reported daily stress levels across seven life domains each evening. Trait anxiety was assessed at baseline using the STAI-T. Results: Hierarchical linear modeling was used to analyze within-person and between-person effects. An increase in between-person stress was associated with increased probability of abdominal pain among individuals with low-to-moderate trait anxiety, while this was not observed in patients with high trait anxiety. Even though within-person (day-to-day) stress variations had an impact on pain probability, the effects of between-person variations were multiple times greater. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the interplay between stress and anxiety in IBS might not be uniform. High trait anxiety may, under certain conditions, attenuate rather than amplify the link between stress and pain, possibly pointing to a more dynamic relationship. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 266 KiB  
Article
Stress and Burden Experienced by Parents of Children with Type 1 Diabetes—A Qualitative Content Analysis Interview Study
by Åsa Carlsund, Sara Olsson and Åsa Hörnsten
Children 2025, 12(8), 984; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12080984 - 26 Jul 2025
Viewed by 364
Abstract
Background: Parents of children with type 1 diabetes play a key role in managing their child’s self-management, which can be stressful and burdensome. High involvement can lead to reactions such as emotional, cognitive, and physical exhaustion in parents. Understanding parents’ psychosocial impact due [...] Read more.
Background: Parents of children with type 1 diabetes play a key role in managing their child’s self-management, which can be stressful and burdensome. High involvement can lead to reactions such as emotional, cognitive, and physical exhaustion in parents. Understanding parents’ psychosocial impact due to their child’s disease is crucial for the family’s overall well-being. The purpose of this study was to describe stress and burden experienced by parents in families with children living with type 1 diabetes. Methods: This study utilized a qualitative approach, analyzing interviews with 16 parents of children aged 10 to 17 years living with T1D through qualitative content analysis. The data collection occurred between January and February 2025. Results: Managing a child’s Type 1 diabetes can be tough on family relationships, affecting how partners interact, intimacy, and sibling relationships. The constant stress and worry might leave parents feeling exhausted, unable to sleep, and struggling to think clearly, on top of the pain of losing a normal everyday life. The delicate balance between allowing a child with type 1 diabetes to be independent and maintaining control over their self-management renders these challenges even more demanding for the parents. Conclusions: Parents’ experiences highlight the need for robust support systems, including dependable school environments, trustworthy technical devices, reliable family and friends, and accessible healthcare guidance. These elements are essential not only for the child’s health and well-being but also for alleviating the emotional and practical burdens parents face. Full article
12 pages, 251 KiB  
Article
The Role of Psychological Flexibility and Psychological Factors in Chronic Pelvic Pain Among Women: A Correlational Study
by Chiara Manna, Michelle Semonella, Giada Pietrabissa and Gianluca Castelnuovo
Healthcare 2025, 13(14), 1697; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13141697 - 15 Jul 2025
Viewed by 308
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Chronic Pelvic Pain (CPP) is a multifactorial condition that affects in many ways the daily life of patients suffering from it. Different psychological factors demonstrated to be associated with the genesis and maintenance of CPP. Less is known about the role of [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Chronic Pelvic Pain (CPP) is a multifactorial condition that affects in many ways the daily life of patients suffering from it. Different psychological factors demonstrated to be associated with the genesis and maintenance of CPP. Less is known about the role of the Psychological Flexibility (PF) model. Thus, the aim of this study is to explore the relationship between the PF domains, psychological distress, pain, and quality of life in patients with chronic pelvic pain. Methods: A total of 114 women with a diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain were included in this study. Participants completed online self-report measures to assess psychological distress (anxiety, depression, stress), Psychological Flexibility, Pain interference, and Quality of life. Results: Psychological distress and Psychological Flexibility showed significant association with pain interference. Other PF dimensions related to pain interference were as follows: self as context, defusion, and values. Physical Quality of life showed significant association with Experiential avoidance and Lack of values clarity, while Mental Quality of life was associated with Psychological Inflexibility and Self as content. Conclusions: Psychological distress and Psychological Flexibility have a role in pain perception and its interference with a patient’s daily life, affecting also physical and mental quality of life of CPP patients. Full article
13 pages, 1054 KiB  
Article
The Stress Hyperglycemia Ratio as a Predictor of Clinical Outcomes in Acute Pancreatitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
by Ping Zhu, Xinwei Wang, Cheng Hu, Xiaoxin Zhang, Ziqi Lin, Tao Jin, Lan Li, Na Shi, Xinmin Yang, Wei Huang, Qing Xia and Lihui Deng
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(14), 4970; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14144970 - 14 Jul 2025
Viewed by 361
Abstract
Background: The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) has emerged as a promising biomarker for assessing stress-induced hyperglycemia (SH) but has not been evaluated in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). This study investigates the role of the SHR in predicting adverse clinical outcomes in [...] Read more.
Background: The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) has emerged as a promising biomarker for assessing stress-induced hyperglycemia (SH) but has not been evaluated in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). This study investigates the role of the SHR in predicting adverse clinical outcomes in patients with AP. Methods: Adult patients with AP who were admitted within 72 h of the onset of abdominal pain were screened in the database. Eligible patients with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and blood glucose were analyzed. The SHR was calculated using admission blood glucose and HbA1c levels. Patients were categorized into four groups: SHR1 (≤1.03), SHR2 (1.04–1.25), SHR3 (1.26–1.46), and SHR4 (≥1.47). The primary outcome was persistent organ failure (POF). The secondary outcomes included acute peripancreatic fluid collection (APFC) and high-dependency unit/intensive care unit (HDU/ICU) admission. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was used to assess nonlinear associations and identify SHR threshold values. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to adjust for potential confounders and evaluate the relationship between the SHR and clinical outcomes. Results: A total of 486 patients with AP were included in this study, comprising 85 with POF and 401 without POF. SHR levels and severity were significantly correlated, with the highest quartile in the greatest proportion of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Higher SHR levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of POF, APFC, and HDU/ICU admission. RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship between the SHR and APFC (p = 0.009). Based on the RCS and quartile analysis, SHR > 1.25 was identified as the threshold for increased risk. After adjusting for confounders, SHR > 1.25 remained independently associated with higher risks of POF (OR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.39–4.46, p = 0.002), APFC (OR: 2.85, 95% CI: 1.92–4.24, p < 0.001), and ICU admission (OR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.12–2.69, p = 0.013). Conclusions: The SHR is independently associated with adverse clinical outcomes in AP, including POF, APFC, and HDU/ICU admission. These findings suggest that the SHR may serve as a valuable biomarker for risk stratification and early intervention in AP management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Acute Pancreatitis: Clinical Management and Treatment)
Show Figures

Figure 1

21 pages, 703 KiB  
Review
A Practical Narrative Review on the Role of Magnesium in Cancer Therapy
by Daniela Sambataro, Giuseppina Scandurra, Linda Scarpello, Vittorio Gebbia, Ligia J. Dominguez and Maria Rosaria Valerio
Nutrients 2025, 17(14), 2272; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17142272 - 9 Jul 2025
Viewed by 872
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+) has gained oncologists’ attention due to its wide range of biological functions and frequent use as a complementary or integrative agent. This review outlines Mg’s actions, its complex role in carcinogenesis and tumor risk, and clinical issues. Mg2+ [...] Read more.
Magnesium (Mg2+) has gained oncologists’ attention due to its wide range of biological functions and frequent use as a complementary or integrative agent. This review outlines Mg’s actions, its complex role in carcinogenesis and tumor risk, and clinical issues. Mg2+ is essential in numerous biochemical processes, including adenosine triphosphate production, cellular signal transduction, DNA, RNA and protein synthesis, and bone formation. Pertinent full-text articles were thoroughly examined, and the most relevant ones were selected for inclusion in this review. There is conflicting scientific evidence about the relationship between Mg2+ changes and cancer risk, apart from colorectal cancer. Chronic Mg2+ deficiency leads to immune dysfunctions and enhanced baseline inflammation associated with oxidative stress related to various age-associated morbidities and cancer. On the other hand, Mg2+ deficiency is associated with drug or chemotherapy-related hypomagnesemia, postoperative pain, cachexia, opioid-induced constipation, normal tissue protection from radiation damage, and prevention of nephrotoxicity. A balanced diet usually provides sufficient Mg2+, but supplementation may be necessary in some clinical settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Clinical Nutrition)
Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 670 KiB  
Review
Associations Between Visual Accommodation and Cervical Muscle Activity and Symptomatology: A Systematic Review
by Miguel Ángel Lérida-Ponce, Miguel Ángel Lérida-Ortega, Ana Sedeño-Vidal and Alfonso Javier Ibáñez-Vera
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2025, 10(3), 252; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10030252 - 1 Jul 2025
Viewed by 396
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential anatomical and physiological interconnections between the visual system and the cervical muscular system, as well as to examine the role of the visual system in the etiology and manifestation of cervical [...] Read more.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential anatomical and physiological interconnections between the visual system and the cervical muscular system, as well as to examine the role of the visual system in the etiology and manifestation of cervical musculoskeletal pain or discomfort. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PEDro. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO. The included study designs comprised experimental studies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and pilot RCTs. Results: The literature search was conducted between January and May 2025 and yielded 51 studies across all databases. Seven experimental studies were finally included, all of which met the inclusion criteria and presented a mean methodological quality score of 5 on the PEDro methodological quality scale. The studies included data from a total of 308 participants (n = 261; 84.74% females). Subjects in the intervention group reported cervical pain or visual fatigue. Conclusions: Our results indicated a relationship between visual accommodation and increased electromyographic activity of the trapezius muscle, suggesting that accommodative stress may induce cervical muscle fatigue and pain. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 1301 KiB  
Review
The Involvement of the Endocannabinoid, Glutamatergic, and GABAergic Systems in PTSD
by Anna Dorota Grzesińska
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(13), 5929; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26135929 - 20 Jun 2025
Viewed by 728
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating mental health condition that develops in response to traumatic events. The endocannabinoid, glutamatergic, and GABAergic systems play crucial roles in the neurobiological mechanisms of PTSD. Both the endocannabinoid, glutamatergic, and GABAergic systems are involved in synaptic [...] Read more.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating mental health condition that develops in response to traumatic events. The endocannabinoid, glutamatergic, and GABAergic systems play crucial roles in the neurobiological mechanisms of PTSD. Both the endocannabinoid, glutamatergic, and GABAergic systems are involved in synaptic remodeling and neuronal differentiation, ensuring efficient information transmission in the brain. Their interplay influences motivation, behavior, sensory perception, pain regulation, and visual processing. Additionally, these systems regulate processes such as cellular proliferation, adhesion, apoptosis, and immune responses. This article explores the involvement of the endocannabinoid, glutamatergic, and GABAergic systems in PTSD pathogenesis. A literature review was conducted on studies examining the relationship between the endocannabinoid, glutamatergic, and GABAergic systems in PTSD. Relevant publications were sourced from the Web of Science and Scopus databases, covering research up to 29 February 2025. Neurobiological mechanisms underlying PTSD may share common pathways with other mental and somatic disorders, particularly those involving inflammatory processes. The identification of biomarkers is crucial for assessing PTSD risk and implementing targeted interventions to improve patient outcomes. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms could enhance therapeutic strategies, ultimately improving the quality of life for individuals affected by PTSD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Genetics and Genomics)
Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 923 KiB  
Article
Beyond Low Back Pain! The Influence of Physical Activity on Mental Health, Reflected in the Functionality of People with Low Back Pain
by Franciele Parolini, Klaus Becker, Márcio Goethel, Ricardo J. Fernandes, Hélder Fonseca, Ulysses F. Ervilha, João Paulo Vilas-Boas and Rubim Santos
Healthcare 2025, 13(12), 1471; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13121471 - 18 Jun 2025
Viewed by 408
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Psychological factors play a crucial role in the experience of acute low back pain and may influence functional outcomes. However, the interplay between these factors and levels of physical activity remains poorly understood. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study examined the relationship between [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Psychological factors play a crucial role in the experience of acute low back pain and may influence functional outcomes. However, the interplay between these factors and levels of physical activity remains poorly understood. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study examined the relationship between psychological variables and functional disability in individuals with acute low back pain, considering different levels of physical activity. Data were collected from 1021 participants through an online platform between 8 June 2022 and 8 April 2023. Standardized instruments were used to assess functional limitations, emotional distress (depression, anxiety, and stress), daily pain catastrophizing, and physical activity levels. A canonical correlation analysis was conducted to explore the multivariate associations between psychological and functional variables. Results: There was a statistically significant association between higher levels of emotional distress and greater functional impairment related to low back pain. This association was observed in both the light-physical-activity group (canonical coefficient = 0.266; p = 0.017), the moderate-physical-activity group (0.237; p = 0.092), and the vigorous-physical-activity group (0.177; p = 0.013). Participants engaging in vigorous physical activity exhibited more favorable psychological profiles and lower functional disability compared to those with lower levels of activity. Conclusions: Regular and vigorous physical activity appears to be a protective factor for mental health and may help reduce functional disability in individuals with acute low back pain. These findings underscore the importance of considering physical activity levels when addressing psychological and functional outcomes in this population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Future Trends of Physical Activity in Health Promotion)
Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 770 KiB  
Article
The Role of Stress in Venipuncture Pain in Adolescents: Secondary Analysis of a Prospective Observational Study
by Joel Brown, Zoe Ademuyiwa, Elizabeth Wu-Chen and Hadas Nahman-Averbuch
Children 2025, 12(6), 776; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12060776 - 14 Jun 2025
Viewed by 559
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Venipuncture is a painful and distress-inducing procedure, especially in adolescents. However, the effect of stress on venipuncture pain remains unclear. This study investigated the relationships between stress (venipuncture-related and general stress) and venipuncture pain intensity and unpleasantness, hypothesizing that higher stress levels [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Venipuncture is a painful and distress-inducing procedure, especially in adolescents. However, the effect of stress on venipuncture pain remains unclear. This study investigated the relationships between stress (venipuncture-related and general stress) and venipuncture pain intensity and unpleasantness, hypothesizing that higher stress levels would be associated with greater pain levels. Methods: Forty-two adolescents (five boys, mean age 12.2 ± 1.4) participated in the study, which included completing questionnaires and a blood draw. General stress was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale. Before the blood draw, participants were asked to rate their venipuncture-related stress level using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Following venipuncture, participants rated their pain intensity and pain unpleasantness using the VAS. Nineteen participants returned for a similar study visit after 1 year. Regression models were used to assess the relationships between pain and stress. In addition, correlations were used to examine the relationships between baseline and 1-year follow-up stress and pain levels. Results: Only baseline venipuncture stress, but not general stress, was related to venipuncture pain intensity (estimate (SE) = 0.185 (0.046), t-ratio = 4.00, p < 0.001) and pain unpleasantness (estimate (SE) = 0.378 (0.116), t-ratio = 3.27, p = 0.002). Baseline stress levels were related to stress levels at 1-year follow-up. However, this was not found for pain levels. In addition, stress at baseline did not impact pain levels at 1-year follow-up. Conclusions: General stress may be different from venipuncture stress, with the latter having a greater influence on venipuncture pain. Developing interventions focused on reducing stress related to venipuncture in adolescents could assist in reducing pain and increase willingness to undergo needle procedures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Pediatric Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Palliative Care)
Show Figures

Figure 1

30 pages, 1417 KiB  
Review
The Vicious Cycle of Obesity and Low Back Pain: A Comprehensive Review
by Clara Ruiz-Fernandez, Jordy Schol, Luca Ambrosio and Daisuke Sakai
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(12), 6660; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126660 - 13 Jun 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3486
Abstract
Obesity and low back pain (LBP) are major contributors to global disability and healthcare burden in both adults and children. Although a growing body of research supports a bidirectional relationship between these conditions, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly integrated in the current literature. [...] Read more.
Obesity and low back pain (LBP) are major contributors to global disability and healthcare burden in both adults and children. Although a growing body of research supports a bidirectional relationship between these conditions, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly integrated in the current literature. While mechanical overload has traditionally been viewed as the principal link, emerging evidence points to additional roles for metabolic dysregulation, chronic low-grade inflammation, and adipokine activity in the development and persistence of LBP. This review addresses the need for a comprehensive synthesis of how obesity affects spinal structures, including the intervertebral discs, paraspinal muscles, facet joints, and epidural fat, through both biomechanical and systemic biological pathways. We specifically highlight key mechanisms such as oxidative stress, adipokine signalling, and neuroinflammation that may accelerate spinal degeneration and promote chronic pain. In doing so, we aim to bridge gaps between anatomical, biochemical, and clinical perspectives. Additionally, we assess current clinical evidence on weight loss as a potential strategy for alleviating LBP symptoms. By consolidating diverse lines of evidence, this review provides a clearer framework for understanding obesity-related spinal pathology and outlines priorities for future research and targeted interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering)
Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 1050 KiB  
Article
Impact of Delivery Method on Serum Cortisol Levels and Neonatal Outcomes in Canine Cesarean Sections
by Renatha Almeida de Araújo, João Domingos Rocha-Júnior, Jaqueline Tamara Bonavina, Melissa de Oliveira Bianchini, Samara Beretta, Daniella Jorge Coutinho Armani, Marina Vilela Estevam, Gilson Hélio Toniollo, Henry David Mogollón García, Eunice Oba and Maricy Apparício
Animals 2025, 15(12), 1739; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15121739 - 12 Jun 2025
Viewed by 500
Abstract
In this study, thirty female dogs, aged one to five years and varying in weight, in the last week of gestation were evaluated. The animals were divided into two groups: GC, which comprised twenty-two bitches undergoing elective cesarean section, and GD, which consisted [...] Read more.
In this study, thirty female dogs, aged one to five years and varying in weight, in the last week of gestation were evaluated. The animals were divided into two groups: GC, which comprised twenty-two bitches undergoing elective cesarean section, and GD, which consisted of eight dogs requiring therapeutic cesarean section as a treatment to dystocia. We found that cortisol levels in the amniotic fluid were significantly higher in pups delivered via elective cesareans (mean: 9.86 ng/mL) compared to those from therapeutic c-sections (mean: 4.11 ng/mL). This observation contrasted with previous studies that reported lower cortisol levels in elective procedures, suggesting complexities in the physiological responses to different delivery methods that warrant further investigation. Notably, our study observed no significant association between amniotic fluid meconium presence and other distress markers, indicating that meconium may be more closely associated with fetal maturation rather than distress (p > 0.05). Neonatal viability (Apgar score) revealed that 92.86% of the neonates from elective procedures demonstrated no distress shortly after delivery, contrasting with 56.25% in therapeutic c-section. Fetal distress can be a direct consequence of dystocia caused by various stressors, such as pain and hypoxia. These factors can impair the fetus’ ability to adapt to extrauterine life, often leading to lower Apgar scores. Notably, neonatal weight was directly related to fetal cortisol levels, while no significant associations were noted between the litter size or birth order and cortisol concentrations, irrespective of the delivery type. These findings underscore the need for ongoing investigation into the relationships between cesarean delivery types, maternal and neonatal stress markers, and resultant health outcomes, aiming to enhance care strategies for expectant canine mothers and their puppies. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 490 KiB  
Review
Endometriosis and Cardiovascular Disease: Exploring Pathophysiological Interconnections and Risk Mechanisms
by Gabriela Szpila, Julia Szczotka, Alexander Suchodolski and Mariola Szulik
Diagnostics 2025, 15(12), 1458; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15121458 - 8 Jun 2025
Viewed by 863
Abstract
Endometriosis, traditionally viewed as a gynecological disorder, is increasingly recognized as a systemic disease with significant cardiovascular implications. Recent studies suggest that women with endometriosis are at higher risk for developing atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), due to chronic systemic inflammation, endothelial [...] Read more.
Endometriosis, traditionally viewed as a gynecological disorder, is increasingly recognized as a systemic disease with significant cardiovascular implications. Recent studies suggest that women with endometriosis are at higher risk for developing atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), due to chronic systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and metabolic disturbances. This review aimed to summarize current evidence on the vascular implications of endometriosis. A literature search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar, focusing on studies exploring the relationship between endometriosis and cardiovascular risk. In rare cases, endometriosis can affect extrapelvic locations such as the diaphragm or pericardium, presenting with cyclical chest pain or dyspnea and mimicking cardiopulmonary conditions. These atypical manifestations often delay diagnosis and highlight the need for heightened clinical awareness. Advances in imaging and minimally invasive techniques, including robotic surgery, have improved the detection and management of such presentations. Shared molecular pathways between endometriosis and CVDs, including pro-inflammatory cytokines and metabolic dysregulation, provide a rationale for exploring novel therapeutic approaches. Emerging pharmacologic options such as statins, metformin, or antiplatelet agents may offer dual benefits for both reproductive and cardiovascular health. Given the multifactorial nature of endometriosis, a multidisciplinary approach involving gynecologists, cardiologists, and primary care providers is essential. These findings highlight the need for early cardiovascular risk assessment and tailored preventive strategies in this population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics)
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

23 pages, 683 KiB  
Review
Endometriosis and Nutrition: Therapeutic Perspectives
by Francesco Giuseppe Martire, Eugenia Costantini, Claudia d’Abate, Giovanni Capria, Emilio Piccione and Angela Andreoli
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(11), 3987; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14113987 - 5 Jun 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1599
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic, hormone-dependent disorder characterized by an inflammatory response. The disease affects approximately 10% of the general female population, with prevalence rates reaching 30–40% in women with dysmenorrhea and 50–60% in those experiencing infertility. In addition to pelvic pain and reproductive [...] Read more.
Endometriosis is a chronic, hormone-dependent disorder characterized by an inflammatory response. The disease affects approximately 10% of the general female population, with prevalence rates reaching 30–40% in women with dysmenorrhea and 50–60% in those experiencing infertility. In addition to pelvic pain and reproductive issues, gastrointestinal symptoms, such as acute abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, or alternating bowel habits, are frequently reported and can be highly disabling. Emerging evidence indicates that dietary patterns may modulate the inflammatory environment associated with endometriosis, potentially influencing symptom severity by affecting oxidative stress, estrogen metabolism, and levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Diets rich in antioxidants, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and vitamins D, C, and E—alongside the avoidance of processed foods, red meat, and animal fats—may offer beneficial effects. This narrative review explores the relationship between nutrition and endometriosis, emphasizing the therapeutic potential of dietary interventions as a complementary strategy. Notably, dietary approaches may serve not only to alleviate pain and improve fertility outcomes but also to reduce lesion growth and recurrence, particularly in patients seeking pregnancy or those unable to undergo hormonal therapy due to contraindications. Furthermore, nutritional strategies may enhance postoperative recovery and act as a viable first-line therapy when conventional treatments are not applicable. A total of 250 studies were initially identified through PubMed and Scopus. After removing duplicates and non-relevant articles, 174 were included in this review. Our findings underscore the urgent need for further studies to develop evidence-based, personalized nutritional interventions for managing endometriosis-related symptoms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Obstetrics & Gynecology)
Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 2568 KiB  
Article
Patient-Reported Outcomes and Psychosocial Impact of Vascular Malformations in Asian Patients
by Hechen Jia, Hongyuan Liu, Xi Yang, Zi’an Xu, Lan Luo, Yuyan Zhang, Chen Hua and Xiaoxi Lin
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(11), 3799; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14113799 - 29 May 2025
Viewed by 398
Abstract
Background: Vascular malformations (VAMs) impose multifaceted burdens extending beyond physical impairments to psychosocial dysfunction. While prior studies predominantly utilized generic quality-of-life instruments, disease-specific tools are critical for addressing heterogeneous symptom profiles and sociocultural variability, particularly in understudied Asian populations. This study investigated [...] Read more.
Background: Vascular malformations (VAMs) impose multifaceted burdens extending beyond physical impairments to psychosocial dysfunction. While prior studies predominantly utilized generic quality-of-life instruments, disease-specific tools are critical for addressing heterogeneous symptom profiles and sociocultural variability, particularly in understudied Asian populations. This study investigated psychosocial impacts across pediatric and adult VAM patients via validated, condition-specific measures. Methods: A prospective cohort of 233 hospitalized VAM patients (114 pediatric patients, 119 adult patients) completed the OVAMA questionnaire, and 114 adult, 68 pediatric patients, and 115 parent-proxies completed corresponding PROMIS questionnaires. The subtypes included arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), venous/lymphatic/lymphovenous malformations (VMs/LMs/LVMs), port-wine stains (PWSs), and other vascular malformations. Statistical analyses (Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, linear regression) were used to evaluate associations between demographics, clinical characteristics, and psychosocial outcomes. Results: Compared with children, adults reported significantly greater distress related to general (p = 0.004) and appearance (p = 0.003) problems. Compared with AVM (p = 0.01) and PWS (p = 0.041) patients, VM/LM/LVM patients presented elevated general problem scores. Pain and bleeding were related to general problems, whereas temporary enlargement was related togeneral and appearance problems. The PROMIS results revealed that 42.1% of adults had below-normal psychosocial-positive scores, whereas 33% demonstrated abnormal psychosocial-negative scores. Pediatric self-reports were associated with higher anxiety and depression rates than parent proxies were, with the VM/LM/LVM subgroups reporting poorer family relationships (p = 0.0062) and life purposes (p = 0.0075). Treatment frequency was correlated with increased psychological stress in children (p = 0.007). Conclusion: VAMs significantly impair psychosocial functioning across all ages, with adults experiencing heightened distress and social role deficits. Pediatric patients with low-flow malformations (VMs/LMs/LVMs) face compound depressive symptoms and familial strain. Disease-specific tools such as OVAMA and PROMIS are essential for comprehensive assessments, guiding tailored interventions to address both physical and psychosocial burdens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Clinical Pediatrics)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop