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Keywords = microstructured optical fiber long-period gratings

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13 pages, 1974 KB  
Article
Refractive Index Sensors Based on Long-Period Grating in a Negative Curvature Hollow-Core Fiber
by Hanna Izabela Stawska and Maciej Andrzej Popenda
Sensors 2021, 21(5), 1803; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051803 - 5 Mar 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3984
Abstract
Long-period optical fiber gratings (LPGs) are one of the widely used concepts for the sensing of refractive index (RI) changes. Negative curvature hollow-core fibers (NCHCFs), with their relatively large internal diameters that are easy to fill with liquids, appear as a very interesting [...] Read more.
Long-period optical fiber gratings (LPGs) are one of the widely used concepts for the sensing of refractive index (RI) changes. Negative curvature hollow-core fibers (NCHCFs), with their relatively large internal diameters that are easy to fill with liquids, appear as a very interesting medium to combine with the idea of LPGs and use for RI sensing. However, to date, there has been no investigation of the RI sensing capabilities of the NCHCF-based LPGs. The results presented in the paper do not only address this matter, but also compare the RI sensitivities of the NCHCFs alone and the gratings. By modeling two revolver-type fibers, with their internal diameters reflecting the results of the possible LPG-inscription process, the authors show that the fibers’ transmission windows shift in response to the RI change, resulting in changes in RI sensitivities as high as −4411 nm/RIU. On the contrary, the shift in the transmission dip of the NCHCF-based LPGs corresponds to a sensitivity of −658 nm/RIU. A general confirmation of these results was ensured by comparing the analytical formulas describing the sensitivities of the NCHCFs and the NCHCF-based LPGs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Fiber Photonic Devices and Sensors)
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25 pages, 6110 KB  
Review
Generation of Orbital Angular Momentum Modes Using Fiber Systems
by Hongwei Zhang, Baiwei Mao, Ya Han, Zhi Wang, Yang Yue and Yange Liu
Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(5), 1033; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9051033 - 12 Mar 2019
Cited by 51 | Viewed by 11691
Abstract
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams, characterized by the helical phase wavefront, have received significant interest in various areas of study. There are many methods to generate OAM beams, which can be roughly divided into two types: spatial methods and fiber methods. As a [...] Read more.
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams, characterized by the helical phase wavefront, have received significant interest in various areas of study. There are many methods to generate OAM beams, which can be roughly divided into two types: spatial methods and fiber methods. As a natural shaper of OAM beams, the fibers exhibit unique merits, namely, miniaturization and a low insertion loss. In this paper, we review the recent advances in fiber OAM mode generation systems, in both the interior and exterior of the beams. We introduce the basic concepts of fiber modes and the generation and detection theories of OAM modes. In addition, fiber systems based on different nuclear devices are introduced, including the long-period fiber grating, the mode-selective coupler, microstructural optical fiber, and the photonic lantern. Finally, the key challenges and prospects for fiber OAM mode systems are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Insights into Orbital Angular Momentum Beams: From Fundamentals, Devices to Applications)
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16 pages, 2493 KB  
Article
Electromagnetic Modelling of Fiber Sensors for Low-Cost and High Sensitivity Temperature Monitoring
by William Scarcia, Giuseppe Palma, Mario Christian Falconi, Francesco De Leonardis, Vittorio M. N. Passaro and Francesco Prudenzano
Sensors 2015, 15(12), 29855-29870; https://doi.org/10.3390/s151229770 - 30 Nov 2015
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 6112
Abstract
An accurate design of an innovative fiber optic temperature sensor is developed. The sensor is based on a cascade of three microstructured optical fibers (MOFs). In the first one a suitable cascade of long period gratings is designed into the core. A single [...] Read more.
An accurate design of an innovative fiber optic temperature sensor is developed. The sensor is based on a cascade of three microstructured optical fibers (MOFs). In the first one a suitable cascade of long period gratings is designed into the core. A single mode intermediate and a rare-earth activated Fabry-Perot optical cavity are the other two sensor MOF sections. An exhaustive theoretic feasibility investigation is performed employing computer code. The complete set-up for temperature monitoring can be obtained by utilizing only a low cost pump diode laser at 980 nm wavelength and a commercial optical power detector. The simulated sensitivity S = 315.1 μW/°C and the operation range ΔT = 100 °C is good enough for actual applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Physical Sensors)
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19 pages, 430 KB  
Review
Fiber Optic-Based Refractive Index Sensing at INESC Porto
by Pedro A. S. Jorge, Susana O. Silva, Carlos Gouveia, Paula Tafulo, Luis Coelho, Paulo Caldas, Diana Viegas, Gaspar Rego, José M. Baptista, José L. Santos and Orlando Frazão
Sensors 2012, 12(6), 8371-8389; https://doi.org/10.3390/s120608371 - 18 Jun 2012
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 11217
Abstract
A review of refractive index measurement based on different types of optical fiber sensor configurations and techniques is presented. It addresses the main developments in the area, with particular focus on results obtained at INESC Porto, Portugal. The optical fiber sensing structures studied [...] Read more.
A review of refractive index measurement based on different types of optical fiber sensor configurations and techniques is presented. It addresses the main developments in the area, with particular focus on results obtained at INESC Porto, Portugal. The optical fiber sensing structures studied include those based on Bragg and long period gratings, on micro-interferometers, on plasmonic effects in fibers and on multimode interference in a large spectrum of standard and microstructured optical fibers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Portugal)
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