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Keywords = mamiellales

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15 pages, 2949 KB  
Article
Metabolomic Insights into Marine Phytoplankton Diversity
by Rémy Marcellin-Gros, Gwenaël Piganeau and Didier Stien
Mar. Drugs 2020, 18(2), 78; https://doi.org/10.3390/md18020078 - 25 Jan 2020
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 5518
Abstract
The democratization of sequencing technologies fostered a leap in our knowledge of the diversity of marine phytoplanktonic microalgae, revealing many previously unknown species and lineages. The evolutionary history of the diversification of microalgae can be inferred from the analysis of their genome sequences. [...] Read more.
The democratization of sequencing technologies fostered a leap in our knowledge of the diversity of marine phytoplanktonic microalgae, revealing many previously unknown species and lineages. The evolutionary history of the diversification of microalgae can be inferred from the analysis of their genome sequences. However, the link between the DNA sequence and the associated phenotype is notoriously difficult to assess, all the more so for marine phytoplanktonic microalgae for which the lab culture and, thus, biological experimentation is very tedious. Here, we explore the potential of a high-throughput untargeted metabolomic approach to explore the phenotypic–genotypic gap in 12 marine microalgae encompassing 1.2 billion years of evolution. We identified species- and lineage-specific metabolites. We also provide evidence of a very good correlation between the molecular divergence, inferred from the DNA sequences, and the metabolomic divergence, inferred from the complete metabolomic profiles. These results provide novel insights into the potential of chemotaxonomy in marine phytoplankton and support the hypothesis of a metabolomic clock, suggesting that DNA and metabolomic profiles co-evolve. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Microbial Diversity as a Source of Bioactive Natural Products)
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13 pages, 1305 KB  
Article
Genome Resolved Biogeography of Mamiellales
by Jade Leconte, L. Felipe Benites, Thomas Vannier, Patrick Wincker, Gwenael Piganeau and Olivier Jaillon
Genes 2020, 11(1), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11010066 - 7 Jan 2020
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 5815
Abstract
Among marine phytoplankton, Mamiellales encompass several species from the genera Micromonas, Ostreococcus and Bathycoccus, which are important contributors to primary production. Previous studies based on single gene markers described their wide geographical distribution but led to discussion because of the uneven [...] Read more.
Among marine phytoplankton, Mamiellales encompass several species from the genera Micromonas, Ostreococcus and Bathycoccus, which are important contributors to primary production. Previous studies based on single gene markers described their wide geographical distribution but led to discussion because of the uneven taxonomic resolution of the method. Here, we leverage genome sequences for six Mamiellales species, two from each genus Micromonas, Ostreococcus and Bathycoccus, to investigate their distribution across 133 stations sampled during the Tara Oceans expedition. Our study confirms the cosmopolitan distribution of Mamiellales and further suggests non-random distribution of species, with two triplets of co-occurring genomes associated with different temperatures: Ostreococcus lucimarinus, Bathycoccus prasinos and Micromonas pusilla were found in colder waters, whereas Ostreococcus spp. RCC809, Bathycoccus spp. TOSAG39-1 and Micromonas commoda were more abundant in warmer conditions. We also report the distribution of the two candidate mating-types of Ostreococcus for which the frequency of sexual reproduction was previously assumed to be very low. Indeed, both mating types were systematically detected together in agreement with either frequent sexual reproduction or the high prevalence of a diploid stage. Altogether, these analyses provide novel insights into Mamiellales’ biogeography and raise novel testable hypotheses about their life cycle and ecology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Genomics of Phytoplankton)
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